Amakuru - Isubiramo rya antenne yumurongo ushingiye kubintu (Igice cya 2)

2. Gukoresha MTM-TL muri Sisitemu ya Antenna
Iki gice kizibanda kubikorwa bya metamaterial TLs hamwe na bimwe mubisanzwe kandi bifatika mubikorwa byo kumenya antenne zitandukanye zifite igiciro gito, gukora byoroshye, miniaturizasiya, umurongo mugari, inyungu nyinshi no gukora neza, ubushobozi bwo gusikana kwagutse hamwe nubushakashatsi buke. Byaganiriweho hepfo.

1. Umuyoboro mugari hamwe na antenne nyinshi
Mubisanzwe TL ifite uburebure bwa l, mugihe itangwa rya angular ω0 itanzwe, uburebure bwamashanyarazi (cyangwa icyiciro) cyumurongo wohereza bishobora kubarwa kuburyo bukurikira:

Aho vp yerekana umuvuduko wicyiciro cyumurongo wohereza. Nkuko bigaragara kuri hejuru, umurongo mugari uhuye cyane no gutinda kwitsinda, aribyo bikomoka kuri φ kubijyanye numurongo. Kubwibyo, nkuko umurongo wohereza umurongo uba mugufi, umurongo wawo nawo uba mugari. Muyandi magambo, hari isano itandukanye hagati yumurongo wa fonctionnement nicyiciro cyibanze cyumurongo wogukwirakwiza, igishushanyo cyihariye. Ibi birerekana ko mumasoko gakondo yagabanijwe, umurongo mugari ntiworoshye kugenzura. Ibi birashobora guterwa nimbibi zumurongo gakondo woherejwe mubijyanye nimpamyabumenyi yubwisanzure. Nyamara, ibintu byo gupakira byemerera ibipimo byongeweho gukoreshwa muri metamaterial TLs, kandi igisubizo cyicyiciro gishobora kugenzurwa kurwego runaka. Kugirango wongere umurongo, birakenewe kugira ahantu hasa hafi yumurongo wimikorere yibiranga. Ubuhanga bwa metamaterial TL irashobora kugera kuriyi ntego. Ukurikije ubu buryo, uburyo bwinshi bwo kuzamura umurongo wa antene butangwa mu mpapuro. Intiti zashizeho kandi zihimba antenne ebyiri zagutse zipakiye impeta zicamo ibice (reba Ishusho 7). Ibisubizo byerekanwe ku gishushanyo cya 7 byerekana ko nyuma yo gupakira impeta ya resonator igabanijwe hamwe na antenne isanzwe ya monopole, uburyo buke bwa resonant burigihe burashimishwa. Ingano yacitsemo impeta ya resonator itezimbere kugirango igere kuri resonance yegereye iyo antenne ya monopole. Ibisubizo byerekana ko iyo resonans zombi zihuye, umurongo wa radiyo na radiyo biranga antene byiyongera. Uburebure n'ubugari bwa antenne ya monopole ni 0.25λ0 × 0.11λ0 na 0.25λ0 × 0.21λ0 (4GHz), hamwe n'uburebure n'ubugari bwa antenne ya monopole yuzuye resonator yacitsemo ibice ni 0.29λ0 × 0.21λ0 (2.9GHz ). Kuri antenne isanzwe ya F na antenne ya T idafite rezonatori itandukanijwe, inyungu nyinshi hamwe nimirasire yapimwe mugace ka 5GHz ni 3.6dBi - 78.5% na 3.9dBi - 80.2%. Kuri antenne yuzuye resonator itandukanijwe, ibipimo ni 4dBi - 81.2% na 4.4dBi - 83%, muburyo bwa 6GHz. Mugushira mubikorwa impeta ya resonator itandukanijwe nkumutwaro uhuye na antenne ya monopole, imirongo ya 2.9GHz ~ 6.41GHz na 2.6GHz ~ 6.6GHz irashobora gushyigikirwa, ihuye numuyoboro mugari wa 75.4% na ~ 87%. Ibisubizo byerekana ko umurongo wo gupima watezimbere inshuro zigera kuri 2,4 ninshuro 2,11 ugereranije na antenne gakondo ya monopole yubunini bugereranijwe.

Igicapo 7. Antenne ebyiri yagutse yuzuye imitwe ya resonator.

Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 8, ibisubizo byubushakashatsi bwa antenna ya compte yacapwe irerekanwa. Iyo S11≤- 10 dB, umurongo ukoresha ni 185% (0.115-2.90 GHz), naho kuri 1.45 GHz, inyungu yo hejuru hamwe nimirasire ni 2,35 dBi na 78.8%. Imiterere ya antenne isa ninyuma yinyuma ya mpandeshatu ya mpandeshatu, igaburirwa na curvilinear power divider. GND yaciwe irimo stub hagati yashyizwe munsi ya federasiyo, kandi impeta enye zifunguye za resonant ziratangwa hirya no hino, ikagura umurongo wa antene. Antenne irasa hafi ya byose, ikubiyemo igice kinini cya VHF na S, hamwe na UHF na L. Ingano ifatika ya antenne ni 48.32 × 43,72 × 0.8 mm3, naho amashanyarazi ni 0.235λ0 × 0.211λ0 × 0.003λ0. Ifite ibyiza byubunini buto nigiciro gito, kandi ifite amahirwe yo gusaba muri sisitemu yo gutumanaho itagikoreshwa.

Igicapo 8: Antenna ya Monopole yuzuye imitwe ya resonator.

Igicapo 9 cerekana imiterere ya antenne igizwe na joriji ebyiri zifatanije zifatanije na meander wire izunguruka zerekeza ku ndege y'ubutaka ya T yaciwe binyuze muri vias ebyiri. Ingano ya antenne ni 38.5 × 36,6 mm2 (0.070λ0 × 0.067λ0), aho λ0 nuburebure bwumwanya wa 0.55 GHz. Antenne irasa hose muri E-indege mugice gikora cya 0.55 ~ 3.85 GHz, hamwe ninyungu nini ya 5.5dBi kuri 2.35GHz kandi ikora neza 90.1%. Ibiranga bituma antenne yatanzwe ikwiranye na porogaramu zitandukanye, zirimo UHF RFID, GSM 900, GPS, KPCS, DCS, IMT-2000, WiMAX, WiFi na Bluetooth.

Igishushanyo cya 9 Imiterere ya antenne yubatswe.

2. Antenna yamenetse (LWA)
Antenna nshya yamenetse ni imwe mubikorwa byingenzi byo kumenya ibihimbano bya TL. Kuri antenne yamenetse, ingaruka zicyiciro gihoraho β kumirasire yimirasire (θm) nubugari ntarengwa (Δθ) nuburyo bukurikira:

L nuburebure bwa antenne, k0 numubare wumurongo mubusa, naho λ0 nuburebure bwumwanya mubusa. Menya ko imirasire ibaho gusa iyo | β |

3. Antenna ya zeru
Umutungo wihariye wa CRLH metamaterial ni uko β ishobora kuba 0 mugihe inshuro itangana na zeru. Ukurikije iyi mitungo, hashobora kubyara zeru-zeru nshya (ZOR). Iyo β ari zeru, nta cyiciro cyo guhinduka kibaho muri resonator yose. Ibi ni ukubera ko icyiciro cyo guhinduranya gihoraho φ = - βd = 0. Byongeye, resonance iterwa gusa nuburemere bwimikorere kandi yigenga kuburebure bwimiterere. Igishushanyo cya 10 cyerekana ko antenne yatanzwe ihimbwa ukoresheje ibice bibiri na bitatu bifite E-shusho, kandi ubunini bwose ni 0.017λ0 × 0.006λ0 × 0.001λ0 na 0.028λ0 × 0.008λ0 × 0.001λ0, aho λ0 byerekana uburebure bwumuraba yumwanya wubusa kuri frequence ikora ya 500 MHz na 650 MHz. Antenne ikora kuri frequence ya 0.5-1.35 GHz (0,85 GHz) na 0,65-1.85 GHz (1.2 GHz), hamwe n'umuyoboro mugari wa 91.9% na 96.0%. Usibye ibiranga ubunini buto nubunini bwagutse, inyungu nubushobozi bwa antene ya mbere nuwa kabiri ni 5.3dBi na 85% (1GHz) na 5.7dBi na 90% (1.4GHz).

Igishushanyo cya 10 Icyifuzo cya kabiri-E na antenna ya gatatu.

4. Antenna
Uburyo bworoshye bwasabwe kwagura ubwinshi bwa antenne ya CRLH-MTM, ariko ingano ya antenne ntabwo ihinduka. Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 11, antenne irimo ibice bya CRLH byegeranye bihagaritse kuri mugenzi we, birimo ibipande n'imirongo ya meander, kandi hari ikibanza cya S kimeze kuri patch. Antenne igaburirwa na CPW ihuye na stub, kandi ubunini bwayo ni 17.5 mm × 32.15 mm × 1,6 mm, bihwanye na 0.204λ0 × 0.375λ0 × 0.018λ0, aho λ0 (3.5GHz) byerekana uburebure bwumwanya wubusa. Ibisubizo byerekana ko antenne ikora mumurongo wa 0.85-7.90GHz, kandi umurongo wacyo ni 161.14%. Kwiyongera kwimirasire no gukora neza ya antene bigaragara kuri 3.5GHz, ni 5.12dBi na ~ 80%.