2. Gukoresha MTM-TL muri sisitemu za Antena
Iki gice kizibanda kuri TL z’ubukorano za metamaterial na zimwe mu ngero zazo zikunze gukoreshwa kandi zikenewe mu gukora imiterere itandukanye ya antene ku giciro gito, gukora byoroshye, gukora ntoya, gukoresha umuyoboro munini w’itumanaho, kongera no gukora neza, ubushobozi bwo gushakisha ahantu henshi hamwe n’ubushobozi buke. Bivugwa hano hepfo.
1. Antene za interineti n'izikoresha imirongo myinshi
Muri TL isanzwe ifite uburebure bwa l, iyo umurongo w'inguni utanzwe ω0, uburebure bw'amashanyarazi (cyangwa icyiciro) cy'umurongo ukwirakwiza umuriro bushobora kubarwa ku buryo bukurikira:
Aho vp ihagarariye umuvuduko w'umurongo wo kohereza. Nkuko bigaragara muri ibi byavuzwe haruguru, umurongo uhuza neza n'igihe itsinda ritinze, ari cyo gikomoka kuri φ ujyanye n'umuvuduko. Kubwibyo, uko uburebure bw'umurongo wo kohereza bugenda buba bugufi, umurongo uhuza nawo urushaho kuba munini. Mu yandi magambo, hari isano iri hagati y'umurongo uhuza n'igice cy'ibanze cy'umurongo wo kohereza, ari nacyo gishushanyo cyihariye. Ibi bigaragaza ko mu miyoboro gakondo ikwirakwijwe, umurongo uhuza imikorere ntabwo byoroshye kugenzura. Ibi bishobora guterwa n'imbogamizi z'umurongo uhuza imikorere gakondo mu bijyanye n'uburebure bw'ubwisanzure. Ariko, ibintu byo gushyiramo ibintu byemerera ibipimo by'inyongera gukoreshwa muri TL za metamaterial, kandi igisubizo cy'umurongo gishobora kugenzurwa ku rugero runaka. Kugira ngo wongere umurongo uhuza imikorere, ni ngombwa kugira umuvuduko usa hafi y'umuvuduko w'imikorere y'imiterere y'ikwirakwizwa. TL ya metamaterial y'ubukorano ishobora kugera kuri iyi ntego. Hashingiwe kuri ubu buryo, uburyo bwinshi bwo kongera umurongo uhuza itumanaho wa antene bwatanzwe muri iyi nyandiko. Intiti zakoze kandi zikora antene ebyiri za broadband zifite resonators za split ring (reba Ishusho ya 7). Ibisubizo bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 7 bigaragaza ko nyuma yo gushyiramo resonator ya split ring na antene isanzwe ya monopole, uburyo bwo gukurura frequency buke burashyuha. Ingano ya resonator ya split ring iratunganywa kugira ngo igere ku ndunduro hafi y’iya antene ya monopole. Ibisubizo bigaragaza ko iyo resonator ebyiri zihuye, imiterere ya bandwidth n’imirasire ya antene irazamuka. Uburebure n’ubugari bwa antene ya monopole ni 0.25λ0×0.11λ0 na 0.25λ0×0.21λ0 (4GHz), uko bikurikirana, naho uburebure n’ubugari bwa antene ya monopole irimo resonator ya split ring ni 0.29λ0×0.21λ0 (2.9GHz), uko bikurikirana. Kuri antene isanzwe ifite ishusho ya F na antene ifite ishusho ya T idafite resonator ya split ring, ubwiyongere n’ubushobozi bw’imirasire bipimirwa mu gice cya 5GHz ni 3.6dBi - 78.5% na 3.9dBi - 80.2%. Kuri antene ifite resonator y'impeta igabanyijemo ibice, ibi bipimo ni 4dBi - 81.2% na 4.4dBi - 83%, uko bikurikirana, muri bande ya 6GHz. Mu gushyira mu bikorwa resonator y'impeta igabanyijemo ibice nk'umutwaro uhuye kuri antene ya monopole, bande za 2.9GHz ~ 6.41GHz na 2.6GHz ~ 6.6GHz zishobora gushyigikirwa, bihuye n'impeta z'impeta za 75.4% na ~ 87% uko zikurikirana. Ibi bisubizo bigaragaza ko bandwidth yo gupima yazamuweho inshuro zigera kuri 2.4 n'inshuro 2.11 ugereranije na antene za monopole zisanzwe zifite ingano idahinduka.
Ishusho ya 7. Antene ebyiri za interineti zirimo resonators zigizwe n'impande zisesuye.
Nkuko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 8, ibisubizo by'igerageza bya antene ntoya ya monopole yacapwe biragaragara. Iyo S11≤-10 dB, umurambararo w'imikorere ni 185% (0.115-2.90 GHz), naho kuri 1.45 GHz, kwiyongera kw'imirasire n'ubushobozi bw'imirasire ni 2.35 dBi na 78.8%, uko bikurikirana. Imiterere ya antene isa n'imiterere y'urupapuro rw'inyuma rw'impandeshatu, rutangwa n'imashini igabanya imbaraga. GND yagabanijwe irimo agace ko hagati gashyirwa munsi y'agasanduku k'amashanyarazi, kandi impeta enye zifunguye zikwirakwizwa hirya no hino, bituma umurambararo w'antene waguka. Antene irabagirana hafi ya hose, itwikira imiyoboro myinshi ya VHF na S, hamwe n'imiyoboro yose ya UHF na L. Ingano nyayo ya antene ni 48.32×43.72×0.8 mm3, naho ingano y'amashanyarazi ni 0.235λ0×0.211λ0×0.003λ0. Ifite ibyiza byo kuba ntoya kandi ihendutse, kandi ishobora gukoreshwa muri sisitemu z'itumanaho rikoresha umuyoboro wa interineti udafite insinga.
Ishusho ya 8: Antene ya Monopole yuzuyemo resonator ya ring igabanyijemo kabiri.
Ishusho ya 9 igaragaza imiterere ya antene igaragara igizwe n'imirongo ibiri y'insinga zifatanye zifatanye zishingiye ku gice cy'ubutaka gifite ishusho ya T giciye mu mpande ebyiri. Ingano ya antene ni 38.5 × 36.6 mm2 (0.070λ0 × 0.067λ0), aho λ0 ari wo mwanya w'ubugari wa 0.55 GHz. Antene irabagirana mu cyerekezo cyose muri E-plane mu gice cy'ingufu z'imikorere cya 0.55 ~ 3.85 GHz, hamwe n'inyungu ntarengwa ya 5.5dBi kuri 2.35GHz n'ubushobozi bwa 90.1%. Ibi bituma antene iteganyijwe ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye, harimo UHF RFID, GSM 900, GPS, KPCS, DCS, IMT-2000, WiMAX, WiFi na Bluetooth.
Igishushanyo cya 9 Imiterere ya antene iteganyijwe.
2. Antena y'Umuraba Utemba (LWA)
Antene nshya y'umuraba utemba ni imwe mu porogaramu z'ingenzi zo gukora metamaterial y'ubukorano ya TL. Kuri antene z'umuraba utemba, ingaruka za phase constant β ku nguni y'imirasire (θm) n'ubugari ntarengwa bw'umuraba (Δθ) ni izi zikurikira:
L ni uburebure bwa antene, k0 ni umubare w'umuraba mu mwanya wigenga, na λ0 ni uburebure bw'umuraba mu mwanya wigenga. Menya ko imirasire ibaho gusa iyo |β|
3. Antene ya resonator idakoresha amabwiriza
Umuco wihariye wa CRLH metamaterial ni uko β ishobora kuba 0 iyo frequency ingana na zeru. Hashingiwe kuri uyu muco, resonator nshya ya zeru-order (ZOR) ishobora gukorwa. Iyo β ari zeru, nta hinduka ry'itsinda ribaho muri resonator yose. Ibi biterwa nuko imihindagurikire y'itsinda φ = - βd = 0. Byongeye kandi, resonance iterwa gusa n'umutwaro uhinduka kandi ntiyibanda ku burebure bw'imiterere. Ishusho ya 10 igaragaza ko antene iteganyijwe yakozwe hakoreshejwe ibice bibiri na bitatu bifite ishusho ya E, kandi ingano yose ni 0.017λ0 × 0.006λ0 × 0.001λ0 na 0.028λ0 × 0.008λ0 × 0.001λ0, uko bikurikirana, aho λ0 ihagarariye uburebure bw'umwanya wigenga ku nshuro z'imikorere ya 500 MHz na 650 MHz, uko bikurikirana. Antene ikora ku murongo wa 0.5-1.35 GHz (0.85 GHz) na 0.65-1.85 GHz (1.2 GHz), hamwe n'umurongo wa bandwidth wa 91.9% na 96.0%. Uretse imiterere y'umubare muto n'umugari, inyungu n'ubushobozi bya antene ya mbere n'iya kabiri ni 5.3dBi na 85% (1GHz) na 5.7dBi na 90% (1.4GHz), uko bikurikirana.
Igishushanyo cya 10 Imiterere ya antene ebyiri-E na eshatu-E iteganyijwe.
4. Antena y'imashini
Uburyo bworoshye bwatanzwe bwo kwagura umwobo wa antene ya CRLH-MTM, ariko ingano yayo ya antene ntabwo yahindutse cyane. Nkuko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 11, antene irimo ibice bya CRLH bifatanye bihagaze, birimo uduce n'imirongo izunguruka, kandi hari umwanya ufite ishusho ya S kuri iyo antene. Antene ikoreshwa n'agace gahuye na CPW, kandi ingano yayo ni 17.5 mm × 32.15 mm × 1.6 mm, bihwanye na 0.204λ0 × 0.375λ0 × 0.018λ0, aho λ0 (3.5GHz) ihagarariye uburebure bw'umwanya w'ubusa. Ibisubizo bigaragaza ko antene ikora mu murongo wa 0.85-7.90GHz, kandi uburebure bwayo bw'imikorere ni 161.14%. Ingaruka nini cyane z'imirasire n'ubushobozi bwa antene bigaragara kuri 3.5GHz, ari byo 5.12dBi na ~ 80%, uko bikurikirana.
Igishushanyo cya 11 Antene y'umwanya wa CRLH MTM iteganyijwe.
Kugira ngo umenye byinshi kuri antene, sura:
Igihe cyo kohereza: 30 Kanama-2024
