1. Antenna yunguka
Antennainyungu bivuga ikigereranyo cyingufu zumuriro wa antenne muburyo runaka bwerekanwe nubucucike bwimirasire ya antenne yerekana (mubisanzwe isoko yumuriro mwiza) kumbaraga zimwe zinjiza. Ibipimo byerekana inyungu za antenne ni dBd na dBi.
Ubusobanuro bwumubiri bwinyungu bushobora kumvikana kuburyo bukurikira: kubyara ikimenyetso cyubunini runaka mugihe runaka ku ntera runaka, niba isoko nziza itari iyerekezo ikoreshwa nka antenne yohereza, hasabwa imbaraga zo kwinjiza 100W, mugihe iyo antenne yicyerekezo yunguka G = 13dB (inshuro 20) ikoreshwa nka antenne yohereza, imbaraga zinjira ni 100/20 = 5W gusa. Muyandi magambo, inyungu ya antenne, ukurikije ingaruka zayo yimirasire mucyerekezo kinini cyimirasire, niyinshi mumbaraga zinjiza zongerewe ugereranije nicyerekezo cyiza kitari icyerekezo.
Inyungu ya Antenna ikoreshwa mugupima ubushobozi bwa antenne yo kohereza no kwakira ibimenyetso mubyerekezo runaka kandi nikimwe mubintu byingenzi byo guhitamo antene. Inyungu ifitanye isano ya hafi na antenne. Gufunga umurongo nyamukuru wubushushanyo kandi ntoya kuruhande, niko inyungu nyinshi. Isano iri hagati yubugari bukuru bwa lobe ninyungu za antene irerekanwa mumashusho 1-1.
Igicapo 1-1
Mubihe bimwe, uko inyungu ziyongera, niko radiyo ikwirakwira. Ariko, mubikorwa nyabyo, inyungu ya antenne igomba guhitamo neza hashingiwe ku guhuza urumuri hamwe n’ahantu ho gukwirakwiza. Kurugero, mugihe intera yo gukwirakwiza iri hafi, kugirango tumenye neza ingaruka zo gukwirakwiza hafi, antenne yunguka make hamwe na veritike yagutse igomba guhitamo.
2. Ibisobanuro bifitanye isano
· DBd: ugereranije ninyungu ya antenne ya simmetrical array,
· DBi: ugereranije ninyungu ya antenne yinkomoko, imirasire mubyerekezo byose irasa. dBi = dBd + 2.15
Inguni ya Lobe: inguni yakozwe na 3dB munsi yimpinga nyamukuru ya lobe muburyo bwa antenna, nyamuneka reba ubugari bwa lobe kubisobanuro birambuye, isoko yimirasire nziza: yerekeza kuri antenne nziza ya isotropique, ni ukuvuga isoko yoroheje yimirasire, hamwe nimirasire imwe mubyerekezo byose mumwanya.
3. Inzira yo kubara
Antenna yunguka = 10lg (imirasire ya antenne yubucucike / imbaraga za antenna yumuriro)
Kugira ngo umenye byinshi kuri antene, nyamuneka sura:
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-06-2024
