1. Kongera antena
AntenaInyungu yerekeza ku gipimo cy'ubucucike bw'ingufu z'imirasire ya antene mu cyerekezo runaka cyagenwe n'ubucucike bw'ingufu z'imirasire ya antene y'icyitegererezo (ubusanzwe ni isoko ry'aho imirasire ibera) ku ngufu zimwe zinjiye. Ibipimo bigaragaza inyungu z'ingufu z'antene ni dBd na dBi.
Ubusobanuro bw'umubiri bw'ingufu bushobora kumvikana gutya: kugira ngo habeho ikimenyetso cy'ingano runaka ahantu runaka ku ntera runaka, niba hakoreshejwe isoko nziza idashingiye ku cyerekezo nk'antene yohereza, ingufu zo kwinjira za 100W zirakenewe, mu gihe iyo antene y'icyerekezo ifite inyungu ya G=13dB (inshuro 20) ikoreshejwe nk'antene yohereza, ingufu zo kwinjira ni 100/20=5W gusa. Mu yandi magambo, inyungu ya antene, ukurikije ingaruka zayo mu cyerekezo ntarengwa cy'imirasire, ni umubare munini w'imbaraga zo kwinjira wongerewe ugereranije n'isoko y'ingingo idashingiye ku cyerekezo.
Inyongera y'umurambararo ikoreshwa mu gupima ubushobozi bwa antene yo kohereza no kwakira ibimenyetso mu cyerekezo runaka kandi ni kimwe mu bipimo by'ingenzi mu guhitamo antene. Inyongera ifitanye isano rya hafi n'imiterere ya antene. Uko igice cy'ingenzi cy'icyitegererezo kigenda gito kandi igice cyo ku ruhande kikaba gito, niko inyongera iba nyinshi. Isano iri hagati y'ubugari bw'igice cy'ingenzi n'inyongera y'umurambararo igaragazwa ku Ishusho ya 1-1.
Igishushanyo cya 1-1
Mu bihe bimwe, uko kwiyongera kw'amajwi ari ko amajwi arushaho kwiyongera. Ariko, mu gushyira mu bikorwa, kwiyongera kw'amajwi antene bigomba gutoranywa neza hashingiwe ku buryo urumuri rungana n'agace k'aho uruziga ruherereye. Urugero, iyo intera iri hafi, kugira ngo harebwe ingaruka z'aho hafi zigarukira, antene ifite agace kanini gahagaze igomba gutoranywa.
2. Ibitekerezo bifitanye isano
·dBd: ugereranije n'inyungu ya antene y'urutonde rungana,
·dBi: ugereranije n'inyungu y'intendekeri y'isoko ry'ingingo, imirasire mu mpande zose irangana. dBi=dBd+2.15
Inguni y'urukiramende: inguni igizwe na 3dB munsi y'agasongero k'urukiramende nyamukuru mu ishusho ya antene, nyamuneka reba ubugari bw'urukiramende kugira ngo umenye ibisobanuro birambuye, isoko y'ingingo z'imirasire ikwiye: yerekeza kuri antene nziza ya isotropic, ni ukuvuga isoko y'imirasire y'ingingo yoroshye, ifite imiterere imwe y'imirasire mu mpande zose z'ikirere.
3. Inzira yo kubara
Inyongera ya antena = 10lg (ubucucike bw'imbaraga z'imirasire ya antena/ubucucike bw'imbaraga z'imirasire ya antena)
Kugira ngo umenye byinshi kuri antene, sura:
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-06-2024
