ishusho 1
1. Gukora neza
Ikindi kintu gisanzwe cyo gusuzuma ubuziranenge bwo kohereza no kwakira antene ni imikorere myiza. Kuri antenne hamwe na lobe nyamukuru mu cyerekezo cya z-axis nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo 1, imikorere ya beam (BE) isobanurwa ngo:
Ni ikigereranyo cyimbaraga zoherejwe cyangwa zakiriwe mugice cya cone θ1 nimbaraga zose zoherejwe cyangwa zakiriwe na antene. Inzira yavuzwe haruguru irashobora kwandikwa nka:
Niba inguni aho zeru ya mbere cyangwa agaciro ntarengwa bigaragara byatoranijwe nka θ1, imikorere ya beam igereranya ikigereranyo cyimbaraga muri lobe nkuru nimbaraga zose. Mubikorwa nka metrology, astronomie, na radar, antene igomba kuba ifite imikorere myiza cyane. Mubisanzwe birenga 90% birasabwa, kandi imbaraga zakiriwe kuruhande rwa lobe zigomba kuba nto zishoboka.
2. Umuyoboro mugari
Umuyoboro mugari wa antenne usobanurwa nk "inshuro zingana aho imikorere y'ibintu bimwe na bimwe biranga antene yujuje ubuziranenge". Umuyoboro mugari urashobora gufatwa nkurugero rwumurongo kumpande zombi zumurongo wa centre (muri rusange bivuga kuri resonant frequency) aho ibiranga antenne (nko kwinjiza inzitizi, icyerekezo cyerekezo, beamwidth, polarisiyasi, urwego rwa sidelobe, inyungu, kwerekana urumuri, imirasire imikorere) ziri murwego rwemewe nyuma yo kugereranya agaciro ka centre yumurongo.
． Kuri antenne ya Broadband, umurongo mugari ubusanzwe ugaragazwa nkikigereranyo cyumurongo wo hejuru nu munsi wo gukora byemewe. Kurugero, umurongo wa 10: 1 bivuze ko inshuro yo hejuru yikubye inshuro 10 inshuro zo hasi.
． Kuri antenne zifunganye, umurongo mugari ugaragazwa nkijanisha ryikinyuranyo cyitandukanya hagati yagaciro. Kurugero, umurongo wa 5% bivuze ko intera yemewe yemewe ari 5% yumurongo wo hagati.
Kuberako ibiranga antenne (kwinjiza impedance, icyerekezo cyerekezo, inyungu, polarisiyasi, nibindi) biratandukana numurongo, ubwinshi bwumurongo ntibwihariye. Mubisanzwe impinduka muburyo bw'icyerekezo no kwinjiza impedance ziratandukanye. Kubwibyo, icyerekezo cyerekezo cyagutse hamwe nuburinganire bwingirakamaro birakenewe kugirango ushimangire iri tandukaniro. Icyerekezo cyerekana icyerekezo kijyanye no kunguka, urwego rwa sidelobe, urumuri rwinshi, polarisiyasi hamwe nicyerekezo cyerekezo, mugihe ibyinjira byinjira hamwe nubushobozi bwimirasire bifitanye isano numuyoboro mugari. Umuyoboro mugari uvugwa muburyo bwa beamwidth, urwego rwa sidelobe, nibiranga imiterere.
Ikiganiro cyavuzwe haruguru kivuga ko ibipimo byurusobekerane (transformateur, contreise, nibindi) na / cyangwa antenne bidahinduka muburyo ubwo aribwo inshuro zihinduka. Niba ibipimo bikomeye bya antenne na / cyangwa urusobekerane rushobora guhinduka neza uko inshuro zihinduka, umurongo wa antenne muto urashobora kwiyongera. Mugihe ibi atari umurimo woroshye muri rusange, hariho porogaramu aho zishobora kugerwaho. Urugero rusanzwe ni antenne ya radio muri radio yimodoka, ubusanzwe ifite uburebure bushobora gukoreshwa muguhuza antenne kugirango yakire neza.
Kugira ngo umenye byinshi kuri antene, nyamuneka sura:
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-12-2024
