Umuyoboro w'amazi (cyangwa umuyoboro w'amazi) ni umurongo w'amashanyarazi ufite ubugari bw'umuyoboro ukozwe mu cyuma gitwara amazi neza. Ni igikoresho cyo gukwirakwiza ingufu za electromagnetic (cyane cyane wohereza imiraba ya electromagnetic ifite uburebure bw'umurambararo ku rugero rwa santimetero) Ibikoresho bisanzwe (cyane cyane wohereza imiraba ya electromagnetic ifite uburebure bw'umurambararo ku rugero rwa santimetero).
Guhitamo ingano y'umurongo w'urukiramende (waveguide) bigomba gusuzuma ibintu bikurikira:
1. Ikibazo cy'uburyo bwa Waveguide bandwidth
Kugira ngo imiraba ya elegitoronike iri mu cyiciro runaka cy'umuvuduko ishobora gukwirakwira mu buryo bumwe bwa TE10 muri waveguide, ubundi buryo bwo hejuru bugomba gucibwa, hanyuma b
2. Ikibazo cy'ubushobozi bw'ingufu za Waveguide
Mu gihe cyo gukwirakwiza ingufu zikenewe, umurongo w’ingufu ntushobora kwangirika. Kongera b neza bishobora kongera ubushobozi bw’imbaraga, bityo b igomba kuba nini uko bishoboka kose.
3. Kugabanya umuyoboro w'amazi
Nyuma yuko mikoroonde inyuze mu gice cy’umuraba, byiringirwa ko ingufu zitazatakara cyane. Kongera b bishobora gutuma attenuation iba nto, bityo b igomba kuba nini uko bishoboka kose.
Ukurikije ibintu bikurura abantu, ingano y'umurongo w'urukiramende muri rusange itoranywa nka:
a=0.7λ, λ ni uburebure bw'umurambararo bwa TE10
b=(0.4-0.5)a
Inyinshi mu nzira z'urukiramende zikozwe zifite igipimo cya a:b=2:1, kizwi nka standard waveguides, ku buryo igipimo ntarengwa cya bandwidth cya 2:1 gishobora kugerwaho, ni ukuvuga ko igipimo cy'umuvuduko wo hejuru cyane ugera ku muvuduko wo hasi cyane ari 2:1. Kugira ngo hongerwe ubushobozi bw'ingufu, waveguide ifite b>a/2 yitwa high waveguide; kugira ngo igabanye ingano n'uburemere, waveguide ifite b
Igipimo ntarengwa cy’umurambararo (bandwidth) umuyoboro w’uruziga ushobora gukwirakwiza ni 1.3601:1, ni ukuvuga ko igipimo cy’umurambararo wo hejuru cyane w’uburyo bumwe n’umurambararo wo hasi cyane ari 1.3601:1. Umurambararo w’imikorere y’umuyoboro w’uruziga ni 30% hejuru y’umurambararo wo guhagarara na 5% munsi y’umurambararo wa kabiri wo guhagarara. Izi ngamba zisabwa zirinda gukwirakwira kw’umurambararo ku mirambararo yo hasi no gukora mu mirambararo myinshi ku mirambararo yo hejuru.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-12-2023
