Amakuru - Ihame ryo kwiyongera kwa antene, uburyo bwo kubara kwiyongera kwa antene

Kuzamuka kwa antena bivuga kwiyongera k'imbaraga za antena mu cyerekezo runaka ugereranije na antena iboneka ahantu nyaburanga. Igaragaza ubushobozi bw'imirasire ya antena mu cyerekezo runaka, ni ukuvuga uburyo antena yakira cyangwa isohora neza mu cyerekezo icyo ari cyo cyose. Uko antena ikura cyane, ni ko antena ikora neza mu cyerekezo runaka kandi ishobora kwakira cyangwa kohereza ibimenyetso neza kurushaho. Kuzamuka kwa antena akenshi kugaragara muri decibel (dB) kandi ni kimwe mu bimenyetso by'ingenzi bisuzuma imikorere ya antena.

Ibikurikira, ndagusobanurira amahame shingiro yo gukusanya antene n'uburyo bwo kubara gukusanya antene, n'ibindi.

1. Ihame ryo kongera antene

Mu buryo bw'imitekerereze, kwiyongera kwa antene ni igipimo cy'ubucucike bw'ingufu z'ibimenyetso biva kuri antene nyayo na antene ikwiye y'isoko ry'ingingo ahantu runaka mu mwanya munsi y'ingufu zimwe zo kwinjira. Igitekerezo cya antene y'isoko ry'ingingo kiravugwa hano. Ni iki? Mu by'ukuri, ni antene abantu batekereza ko itanga ibimenyetso mu buryo bumwe, kandi imiterere y'imirasire y'ibimenyetso ni urwego rukwirakwira neza. Mu by'ukuri, antene zifite icyerekezo cyo kwiyongera kwa radiation (hanyuma byitwa ubuso bw'imirasire). Ikimenyetso kiri ku buso bw'imirasire kizaba gikomeye kuruta agaciro k'imirasire k'antene y'isoko ry'ingingo, mu gihe imirasire y'ibimenyetso mu bindi byerekezo igabanuka. Kugereranya agaciro nyako n'agaciro k'ibitekerezo hano ni inyungu ya antene.

Ifoto igaragazaRM-SGHA42-10icyitegererezo cy'ibicuruzwa Kunguka amakuru

Ni ngombwa kumenya ko antene zikoreshwa mu buryo busanzwe zikunze kubonwa n'abantu basanzwe, zitanongera imbaraga zo kohereza gusa, ahubwo zinakoresha imbaraga zo kohereza. Impamvu ituma bifatwa nk'aho bifite inyungu ni uko andi mashusho agabanywa, icyerekezo cy'imirasire kiba kinini, kandi igipimo cy'ikoreshwa ry'ibimenyetso kirazamuka.

2. Kubara inyungu y'antene

Inyongera ya antena mu by'ukuri igaragaza urwego rw'imirasire yihuta y'ingufu zitagira umugozi, bityo bifitanye isano ya hafi n'imiterere y'imirasire ya antena. Ubumenyi rusange ni uko uko igice kinini cy'imbere kirushaho kuba gito kandi igice cyo ku ruhande kikaba gito mu miterere y'imirasire ya antena, niko inyungu iba nyinshi. None se ni gute wabara inyungu ya antena? Kuri antena rusange, formula G (dBi) = 10Lg {32000/(2θ3dB, E × 2θ3dB, H)} ishobora gukoreshwa mu gupima inyungu yayo. formula,
2θ3dB, E na 2θ3dB, H ni ubugari bw'umuraba wa antene ku bipimo bibiri by'ingenzi; 32000 ni amakuru y'ibarurishamibare.

None se, byaba bivuze iki niba icyuma gitanga umuvuduko wa 100mw gifite antene ifite inyungu ya +3dbi? Ubwa mbere, hindura ingufu zo kohereza mo signal gain dbm. Uburyo bwo kubara ni ubu:

100mw=10lg100=20dbm

Hanyuma ubare imbaraga zose zo kohereza, zingana n'igiteranyo cy'imbaraga zo kohereza n'inyungu ya antene. Uburyo bwo kubara ni ubu bukurikira:

20dbm+3dbm=23dbm

Amaherezo, imbaraga zingana zo kohereza zisubirwamo ku buryo bukurikira:

10^（23/10）≈200mw

Mu yandi magambo, antene ya +3dbi ishobora gukuba kabiri imbaraga zo kohereza zihwanye.

3. Antene zisanzwe zo gukurura

Antene za router zacu zisanzwe zikoresha insinga ni antene zikoresha icyerekezo kimwe. Ubuso bw'imirasire yacyo buri ku murongo utambitse ugana kuri antene, aho kwiyongera kw'imirasire ari ko kungana cyane, mu gihe imirasire iri hejuru no munsi y'icyumba cyo hasi cya antene iba yagabanutse cyane. Ni nko gufata ikimenyetso cy'itumanaho ukagipfunyika gato.

Kuzamuka kwa antena ni "uburyo" bw'ikimenyetso, kandi ingano y'izamuka igaragaza igipimo cy'ikoreshwa ry'ikimenyetso.

Hariho kandi antene isanzwe ya plate, ubusanzwe ikaba ari antene y'icyerekezo. Ubuso bwayo bw'imirasire buri mu gace gafite ishusho nk'iy'umufana imbere y'ako kabati, kandi ibimenyetso mu tundi duce biragabanuka rwose. Ni nko kongeramo igifuniko cy'urumuri ku itara.

Muri make, antene zikoresha insinga zifite ubushobozi bwo kureshya no kugira ubwiza bw'amajwi, ariko zigomba kudakoresha imirasire mu cyerekezo kimwe (ubusanzwe zikoresha icyerekezo cyapfuye). Antene zikoresha insinga zifite ubushobozi bwo kureshya mu cyerekezo kinini ariko zikaba ngufi. Iyo ibicuruzwa bidafite insinga biva mu ruganda, ababikora muri rusange babishyira mu bikorwa hakurikijwe uko ibintu bikoreshwa.

Ndagira ngo mbagire inama yo gukoresha andi ma antene menshi kandi afite inyungu nziza kuri buri wese: