Ni ubuhe buryo butatu butandukanye bwa polarisation bwa SAR?

1. SAR ni ikiivangura?
Polarization: Polarization H itambitse; Polarization V vertical, ni ukuvuga icyerekezo cy'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi. Iyo icyogajuru cyohereje ikimenyetso ku butaka, icyerekezo cy'umuvuduko wa radiyo ikoreshwa gishobora kuba mu buryo bwinshi. Ikoreshwa ubu ni:

Polarisasiyo itambitse (H-horizontal): Polarisasiyo itambitse bivuze ko iyo icyogajuru cyohereje ikimenyetso ku butaka, icyerekezo cy'umuraba wa radiyo yacyo kiba kitambitse. Polarisasiyo itambitse (V-vertical): Polarisasiyo itambitse bivuze ko iyo icyogajuru cyohereje ikimenyetso ku butaka, icyerekezo cy'umuraba wa radiyo yacyo kiba kitambitse.

Ihererekanya ry'umuraba wa elegitoroniki rigabanyijemo imiraba itambitse (H) n'imiraba ihagaze (V), kandi kwakira nabyo bigabanyijemo H na V. Sisitemu ya radar ikoresha polarization ya H na V ikoresha ibimenyetso bibiri kugira ngo igaragaze polarization yo kwakira no kwakira, bityo ishobora kugira imiyoboro ikurikira—HH, VV, HV, VH.

(1) HH - yo kohereza ubutumwa butambitse no kwakira ubutumwa butambitse

(2) VV - yo kohereza ubutumwa buhagaze no kwakira ubutumwa buhagaze

(3) HV - yo kohereza ubutumwa butambitse no kwakira uhagaze

(4) VH - yo kohereza ubutumwa buhagaze n'uburyo bwo kwakira abantu mu buryo butambitse

Ibyuma bibiri bya mbere by’ubu buryo bwo guhuza imiterere y’ingirabuzimafatizo byitwa polarizasiyo zisa kuko polarizasiyo zo kohereza no kwakira ari zimwe. Ibyuma bibiri bya nyuma byitwa polarizasiyo zigera ku yindi kuko polarizasiyo zo kohereza no kwakira ziba zihuje.

2. Polarization imwe, polarization ebyiri, na polarization yuzuye muri SAR ni iki?

Polarization imwe yerekeza kuri (HH) cyangwa (VV), bivuze (kohereza ibintu mu buryo butambitse no kwakira ibintu mu buryo butambitse) cyangwa (kohereza ibintu mu buryo butambitse no kwakira ibintu mu buryo butambitse) (niba uri kwiga ibijyanye na radar y’ikirere, muri rusange ni (HH).)

Polarization ebyiri bivuze kongeramo ubundi buryo bwa polarization kuri bumwe mu buryo bwa polarization, nko (HH) transmission horizontal na horizontal reception + (HV) transmission horizontal na vertical reception.

Ikoranabuhanga ryuzuye rya polarization ni ryo rigoye cyane, risaba kohereza H na V icyarimwe, ni ukuvuga ko uburyo bune bwa polarization bwa (HH) (HV) (VV) (VH) bubaho icyarimwe.

Sisitemu za radar zishobora kugira urwego rutandukanye rw'ubuhanga bwo gutandukanya imiterere y'amajwi:

(1) Polarization imwe: HH; VV; HV; VH

(2)Polarization ebyiri: HH+HV; VV+VH; HH+VV

(3) Polarization enye: HH+VV+HV+VH

Radar za orthogonal polarization (ni ukuvuga polarization yuzuye) zikoresha izi polarization enye kandi zigapima itandukaniro ry’icyiciro hagati y’imiyoboro ndetse n’ubwinshi bw’ingufu. Radar zimwe na zimwe za polarization ebyiri nazo zipima itandukaniro ry’icyiciro hagati y’imiyoboro, kuko iki cyiciro gikora uruhare runini mu gukuraho amakuru ya polarization.

Ishusho ya satelite ya radar Ku bijyanye na polarization, ibintu bitandukanye byabonetse bisubira inyuma imiraba itandukanye ya polarization ku miraba itandukanye ya polarization. Kubwibyo, ikoranabuhanga ryo kureba ikirere rishobora gukoresha imirongo myinshi kugira ngo hongerwe amakuru, cyangwa hagakoreshwa polarization zitandukanye kugira ngo hongerwe kandi hongerwe neza uburyo bwo kumenya intego.

3. Ni gute wahitamo uburyo bwo gutandukanya satellite ya SAR radar?

Ubunararibonye bwerekana ko:

Ku bijyanye n'ikoreshwa ry'amazi yo mu nyanja, HH polarization y'umugozi wa L irushaho kuba nziza, mu gihe VV polarization y'umugozi wa C irushaho kuba nziza;

Ku byatsi n'imihanda bitambitse cyane, polarisation itambitse ituma ibintu bigira itandukaniro rikomeye, bityo SAR yo mu kirere ikoreshwa mu gushushanya ubutaka ikoresha polarisation itambitse; ku butaka bufite ubukana buruta uburebure bw'umurambararo, nta mpinduka igaragara ibaho muri HH cyangwa VV.

Ingufu z'inyikirizo z'ikintu kimwe munsi y'impinduka zitandukanye ziratandukanye, kandi ibara ry'ishusho naryo riratandukanye, ibyo byongera amakuru yo kumenya intego y'ikintu. Kugereranya amakuru y'impinduka zimwe (HH, VV) na polirasiyo (HV, VH) bishobora kongera cyane amakuru y'ishusho ya radar, kandi itandukaniro ry'amakuru hagati y'impinduka z'ibimera n'ibindi bintu bitandukanye ni ryo ryihariye kurusha itandukaniro riri hagati y'imirongo itandukanye.
Bityo rero, mu bikorwa bifatika, uburyo bukwiye bwo gutandukanya ibintu bushobora gutoranywa hakurikijwe ibyo abantu bakeneye bitandukanye, kandi gukoresha uburyo bwinshi bwo gutandukanya ibintu neza bituma habaho kunoza uburyo bwo gushyira ibintu mu byiciro neza.