Mu murima waantenne, kumurika, bizwi kandi nko kuyungurura umwanya, ni tekinike yo gutunganya ibimenyetso bikoreshwa mugukwirakwiza no kwakira imiyoboro ya radiyo itagira umuyaga cyangwa amajwi yumvikana muburyo bwerekezo.Kumurika bikoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu ya radar na sonar, itumanaho ridafite insinga, acoustics, nibikoresho bya biomedical.Mubisanzwe, kumurika no gusikana ibiti bigerwaho mugushiraho icyiciro cyicyiciro hagati yibiryo na buri kintu cya antenne array kuburyo ibintu byose byohereza cyangwa kwakira ibimenyetso mugice cyerekezo cyihariye.Mugihe cyo kohereza, urumuri rugenzura icyiciro hamwe na amplitude igereranije ya buri cyuma cyohereza kugirango habeho uburyo bwo kwivanga bwubaka kandi bwangiza.Mugihe cyo kwakirwa, sensor array iboneza ishyira imbere kwakira imishwarara yifuzwa.
Ikoranabuhanga
Kumurika ni tekinike ikoreshwa mu kuyobora imishwarara yumurongo werekeza ku cyifuzo cyifuzwa hamwe nigisubizo gihamye.Kumurika no kumurika ibiti bya anantennaarray irashobora kugerwaho na sisitemu yo guhindura icyiciro cyangwa sisitemu yo gutinda.
Icyiciro cya Shift
Muri sisitemu ifunganye, gutinda byitwa nanone icyiciro cyo guhindura.Kuri radiyo (RF) cyangwa intera iringaniye (NIBA), kumurika birashobora kugerwaho muguhindura icyiciro hamwe na ferrite icyiciro.Kuri baseband, guhinduranya icyiciro birashobora kugerwaho mugutunganya ibimenyetso bya digitale.Mugikorwa cya Broadband, igihe-gutinda kumurika birahitamo kubera gukenera gukora icyerekezo cyibiti nyamukuru bidahinduka hamwe na frequence.
RM-PA17731
RM-PA10145-30 (10-14.5GHz)
Igihe cyatinze
Gutinda kumwanya birashobora gutangizwa muguhindura uburebure bwumurongo wohereza.Nka hamwe na fonction fonction, gutinda birashobora gutangirwa kuri radio yumurongo (RF) cyangwa intera intera (IF), kandi gutinda kwatangijwe murubu buryo bikora neza murwego rwagutse.Nyamara, ubwinshi bwumurongo wigihe-cyerekanwe umurongo bigarukira kumurongo mugari wa dipole hamwe nu mwanya w'amashanyarazi hagati ya dipole.Iyo inshuro yo gukora yiyongereye, intera y'amashanyarazi hagati ya dipole iriyongera, bikavamo urwego runaka rwo kugabanya ubugari bwibiti kumurongo mwinshi.Iyo inshuro ziyongereye cyane, amaherezo bizagushikana kuri lobing lobes.Mu cyiciro cyiciro, gusya lobes bizabaho mugihe icyerekezo cyo kumurika kirenze agaciro ntarengwa k'ibiti nyamukuru.Iyi phenomenon itera amakosa mugukwirakwiza urumuri nyamukuru.Kubwibyo, kugirango wirinde gusya lobes, dipole ya antenne igomba kuba ifite umwanya ukwiye.
Ibiro
Ibiro biremereye ni urwego rugoye rugizwe na amplitude igena urwego rwa sidelobe nubugari bwingenzi bwibiti, mugihe icyiciro kigena impande nyamukuru zumurongo nu mwanya uhagaze.Icyiciro kiremereye kumurongo mugari ushyirwa mubikorwa byimuka.
RM-PA7087-43 (71-86GHz)
RM-PA1075145-32 (10.75-14.5GHz)
Igishushanyo mbonera
Antenne ishobora guhuza nibidukikije bya RF muguhindura imishwarara yiswe antenne ikora.Ibishushanyo mbonera bishobora gushiramo Butler matrix, Blass matrix, na antenne ya Wullenweber.
Butler Matrix
Matrix ya Butler ikomatanya ikiraro cya 90 ° hamwe nicyiciro cyo guhinduranya kugirango igere ku rwego rwo gukwirakwiza ubugari bwa 360 ° niba igishushanyo cya oscillator nuburyo bwo kuyobora bukwiye.Buri rumuri rushobora gukoreshwa numuyoboro wabigenewe cyangwa uwakiriye, cyangwa numuhereza umwe cyangwa imashini igenzurwa na RF switch.Muri ubu buryo, Matrix ya Butler irashobora gukoreshwa mu kuyobora urumuri rw'umuzingi.
Brahs Matrix
Matrix ya Burras ikoresha imirongo yohereza hamwe nicyerekezo gifatika kugirango ishyire mubikorwa gutinda kumurika kumurongo mugari.Matrix ya Burras irashobora gushushanywa nkumurongo mugari, ariko kubera gukoresha imvugo irwanya, ifite igihombo kinini.
Woollenweber antenna array
Antenna ya Woollenweber ni uruziga ruzengurutse rukoreshwa mu kuyobora icyerekezo cyo gushakisha porogaramu mu muvuduko mwinshi (HF).Ubu bwoko bwa antenne irashobora gukoresha ibintu byose cyangwa icyerekezo, kandi umubare wibintu muri rusange ni 30 kugeza 100, murimwe kimwe cya gatatu cyeguriwe gukurikiranwa kumurongo ukurikirana cyane.Buri kintu cyose cyahujwe nigikoresho cya radio gishobora kugenzura uburemere bwa amplitude yuburemere bwa antenna ikoresheje goniometero ishobora gusikana 360 ° nta gihindutse muburyo bwa antenna.Byongeye kandi, antenne igizwe nigiti kimurika hanze kiva muri antenne mugihe cyo gutinda, bityo bikagera kumurongo mugari.
Kugira ngo umenye byinshi kuri antene, nyamuneka sura:
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-07-2024
