Urwego rukomeye rwa aantenna ya microwaveBiterwa numurongo wacyo, inyungu, hamwe nibisabwa. Hasi ni tekinike ya tekinike kubwoko bwa antenne isanzwe:
1. Itsinda rya Frequency Band & Range Guhuza
- E-band Antenna (60-90 GHz):
Umuyoboro mugufi, ufite ubushobozi buhanitse (1-3 km) kuri 5G gusubira inyuma hamwe na komisiyo ya gisirikare. Atmospheric attenuation igera kuri 10 dB / km kubera kwinjiza ogisijeni. - Ka-band Antenna (26.5-40 GHz):
Satellite comms igera kuri kilometero 10-50 (hasi-kuri-LEO) hamwe na 40+ dBi yunguka. Kugwa kw'imvura birashobora kugabanya intera 30%. - 2.60–3.95 GHzAntenna:
Ikigereranyo cyo hagati (5-20 km) kuri radar na IoT, kuringaniza kwinjira no kugereranya amakuru.
2. Ubwoko bwa Antenna & Imikorere
| Antenna | Inyungu zisanzwe | Urwego Rukuru | Koresha Urubanza |
|---|---|---|---|
| Biconical Antenna | 2-6 dBi | <1 km (Ikizamini cya EMC) | Kwipimisha mugihe gito |
| Ihembe risanzwe | 12–20 dBi | 3-10 km | Guhindura / gupima |
| Microstrip Array | 15-25 dBi | 5–50 km | Sitasiyo fatizo ya 5G / Satcom |
3. Urufatiro rwo Kubara Urwego
Ikigereranyo cyo kohereza kwa Friis kigereranya intera (* d *):
d = (λ / 4π) × √ (P_t × G_t × G_r / P_r)
Aho:
P_t = Kohereza imbaraga (urugero, 10W radar)
G_t, G_r = Tx / Rx antenna yunguka (urugero, ihembe 20 dBi)
P_r = Ibyakiriwe neza (urugero, –90 dBm)
Impanuro ifatika: Kubihuza na satelite ya Ka-band, huza ihembe ryunguka cyane (30+ dBi) hamwe na amplificateur-urusaku ruke (NF <1 dB).
4. Imipaka y’ibidukikije
Kwiyongera kw'imvura: Ibimenyetso bya Ka-band bitakaza 3-10 dB / km mumvura nyinshi.
Ikwirakwizwa rya Beam: A 25 dBi microstrip array kuri 30 GHz ifite urumuri rwa 2,3 ° - bikwiranye nu murongo uhuza ingingo.
Umwanzuro: Antenna ya Microwave iratandukanye kuva <1 km (ibizamini bya EMC biconical) kugeza kuri 50+ km (Ka-band satcom). Hindura neza uhitamo E- / Ka-band antenne yo kwinjiza cyangwa amahembe ya 2-4 GHz yo kwizerwa.
Kugira ngo umenye byinshi kuri antene, nyamuneka sura:
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-08-2025
