Ibikoresho bya Antena ya Polarization ya RFMISOCircular

Amateka ya antene z'ihembe ry'uruziga

Antene y'ihembe ry'uruziga ni ubwoko bw'ingenzi bw'antene ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo kuyikoresha, harimo itumanaho, radar, itumanaho rya satelite no gupima radiyo. Ibi bikurikira ni amateka y'intangiriro z'antene z'ihembe ry'uruziga:

Kuva mu mpera za 1940 kugeza mu ntangiriro za 1950, igitekerezo n'imiterere ya antene z'ihoni zizunguruka zatangiye kugaragara. Muri icyo gihe, injeniyeri za antene zatangiye kubona ko antene zisanzwe zizunguruka za linearly zifite imbogamizi mu mikoreshereze imwe n'imwe. Bityo, batangiye gukora ubushakashatsi no gusesengura igitekerezo cya antene zizunguruka za circularly polarized kugira ngo bagere ku musaruro mwiza wo kohereza ibimenyetso no kwakira.

Mu 1958, Paul G. Montgomery, injeniyeri muri Radar Systems Corporation muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, yakoze antene y'ihoni ifite imiterere ya polarization y'uruziga, yitwaga Montgomery Antena. Iyi ni yo yari ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya mbere rya antene y'ihoni ifite polarization y'uruziga kandi ryakuruye ibitekerezo byinshi n'ubushakashatsi.

Mu myaka yakurikiyeho, antene z’ihembe zifite uruziga zakoreweho ubushakashatsi bwinshi kandi zigatera imbere. Abahanga mu by’injeniyeri bakoze igerageza ryinshi n’isesengura ry’ibitekerezo mu gushushanya no kunoza imiterere n’imikorere ya antene z’ihembe zifite uruziga.

Mu myaka ya 1960, antene z'amahoni zizunguruka zakoreshejwe cyane mu itumanaho. Akamaro ka antene y'amahoni izunguruka ni uko ishobora gutanga uburyo bwiza bwo gukwirakwiza ibimenyetso no gukumira ingaruka, kandi ikwiriye cyane cyane ahantu hakwirakwira mu buryo bwinshi mu itumanaho ridafite umugozi.

Mu myaka ya 1980 na 1990, hamwe n’iterambere ry’itumanaho rya satelite n’ikoranabuhanga rya radar, urwego rw’ikoreshwa rya antene z’amahoni zifite uruziga rwarushijeho kwaguka. Antene z’amahoni zifite uruziga zikoreshwa cyane mu biro by’itumanaho bya satelite, sisitemu za radar, n’ibibuga bya gisirikare n’iby’indege.

Bitewe n’iterambere rihoraho ry’ikoranabuhanga, imiterere n’imikorere y’antene z’amahoni zizunguruka nazo zarushijeho kunozwa. Antene zigezweho zizunguruka zizunguruka zikoresha ibikoresho bigezweho n’ubuhanga bwo kuzikora kugira ngo zitange ingano yo hejuru y’imikorere, imikorere myiza n’ingano nto.

Ni gute antene y'ihembe ifite uruziga ikora

Antene z'ihembe zifite imiterere y'uruziga zigira imiterere y'imirasire ifite imiterere y'uruziga ahanini binyuze mu miterere yazo yihariye n'imiterere yazo. Ihame ry'imikorere y'iyi antene rishingiye ku bintu by'ingenzi bikurikira:

Imiterere y'ihembe: Antene z'ihembe zifite uruziga zikunze kugira imiterere ya radiator isa n'ihembe. Imiterere ya antene y'ihembe ituma ikimenyetso gikomeza gukwirakwira imbere mu ihembe, bityo bikarema imiterere yihariye y'imirasire ishobora kubahiriza ibisabwa na polarization y'uruziga.

Umuhuza w’amashanyarazi: Umuhuza wihariye ukunze gushyirwa muri antene y’ihoni kugira ngo uhuze ibice by’amashanyarazi biri mu butaka butambitse n’ibihagaze, aho itandukaniro riri hagati ya dogere 90. Iyi miterere yemerera antene gukora imiterere y’imirasire izunguruka.

Imirasire y’uburyo bwinshi: Igishushanyo mbonera cya antene y’ihembe ifite uruziga ifasha gutangaza uburyo bwinshi bw’imirima ya electromagnetic icyarimwe, harimo n’ibimenyetso bifite uruziga bizenguruka mu byerekezo bitandukanye bya polarisation.

Muri iki gihe, antene z’ihoni zizunguruka zikoreshwa cyane mu bintu bitandukanye birimo itumanaho rya satelite, itumanaho rya telefoni zigendanwa, gupima radiyo, indege, radar, na drones.