Umuyoboro mugari ni ikindi kintu cya antenna yibanze.Umuyoboro mugari usobanura intera ya antenne ishobora kurasa neza cyangwa kwakira ingufu.Mubisanzwe, umurongo ukenewe ni kimwe mubipimo bikoreshwa muguhitamo ubwoko bwa antene.Kurugero, hari ubwoko bwinshi bwa antene hamwe numuyoboro muto cyane.Iyi antenne ntishobora gukoreshwa mugukoresha umurongo mugari.
Umuyoboro mugari usanzwe uvugwa mubijyanye na voltage ihagaze (VSWR).Kurugero, antenne irashobora gusobanurwa ko ifite VSWR <1.5 hejuru ya 100-400 MHz.Iri tangazo rivuga ko coefficente yerekana itarenze 0.2 murwego rwavuzwe.Kubwibyo, imbaraga zagejejwe kuri antenne, 4% gusa byingufu zigaruka kuri transmitter.Wongeyeho, garuka igihombo S11 = 20 * LOG10 (0.2) = 13.98 decibels.
Nyamuneka menya ko ibyavuzwe haruguru bidasobanuye ko 96% byingufu bigezwa kuri antenne muburyo bwimirasire ya electronique.Gutakaza ingufu bigomba gusuzumwa.
Byongeye kandi, imishwarara izatandukana ninshuro.Muri rusange, imiterere yimishwarara ntabwo ihindura cyane inshuro.
Hashobora kubaho kandi andi mahame akoreshwa mugusobanura umurongo.Ibi birashobora kuba polarize murwego runaka.Kurugero, antenne izengurutswe na antenne irashobora gusobanurwa ko ifite igipimo cya axial ya <3 dB kuva 1.4-1,6 GHz (munsi ya 3 dB).Iyi polarisiyasi yumurongo mugari igereranijwe hafi ya antenne izenguruka.
Umuyoboro mugari ukunze kugaragara mubice byacyo (FBW).FBW ni igipimo cyurugero rwumurongo ugabanijwe na centre yumurongo (hejuru yumurongo ukuyemo minisiteri yo hasi)."Q" ya antene nayo ifitanye isano n'umuyoboro mugari (Q yo hejuru isobanura umurongo wo hasi naho ubundi).
Gutanga ingero zifatika zumurongo mugari, dore imbonerahamwe yumurongo wubwoko busanzwe bwa antenne.Ibi bizasubiza ibibazo, "Ubunini bwa antene ya dipole ni ubuhe?"na "Niyihe antenne ifite umuvuduko mwinshi - patch cyangwa antenne ya helix?".Kugereranya, dufite antene hamwe na centre yumurongo wa 1 GHz (gigahertz) buri umwe.
Umuyoboro mugari wa antene nyinshi zisanzwe.
Nkuko mubibona kumeza, umurongo wa antenne urashobora gutandukana cyane.Antenne ya patch (microstrip) ni nini cyane, mugihe antenne ya helical ifite umurongo munini cyane.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-24-2023
