Imikorere ya antenne ifitanye isano nimbaraga zitangwa kuri antenne nimbaraga zikoreshwa na antene.Antenne ikora neza izamurika ingufu nyinshi zagejejwe kuri antene.Antenne idakora neza ikurura imbaraga nyinshi zabuze muri antene.Antenne idakora neza irashobora kandi kugira imbaraga nyinshi zigaragazwa kubera kudahuza impedance.Mugabanye imbaraga zikwirakwizwa na antenne idakora neza ugereranije na antenne ikora neza.
[Icyitonderwa kuruhande: Antenna impedance iraganirwaho mugice gikurikira.Kudahuza impedance bigaragarira imbaraga ziva muri antenne kuko impedance nigiciro kitari cyo.Kubwibyo, ibi byitwa impedance idahuye.]
Ubwoko bw'igihombo muri antenne ni igihombo cyo gutwara.Igihombo cyimyitwarire iterwa nubushobozi bwanyuma bwa antenne.Ubundi buryo bwo gutakaza ni igihombo cya dielectric.Gutakaza dielectric muri antenne biterwa no gutwarwa mubikoresho bya dielectric.Ibikoresho byo kubika birashobora kuba imbere muri antene cyangwa hafi yayo.
Ikigereranyo cyimikorere ya antenne nimbaraga zumuriro zirashobora kwandikwa nkimbaraga zinjiza antene.Iri ni ikigereranyo [1].Bizwi kandi nka antenna ikora neza.
[Ikigereranyo cya 1]
Gukora neza ni igipimo.Iri gereranya buri gihe ni ingano hagati ya 0 na 1. Imikorere akenshi itangwa kumanota.Kurugero, imikorere ya 0.5 igera kuri 50% kimwe.Imikorere ya Antenna nayo ikunze kuvugwa muri decibels (dB).Imikorere ya 0.1 ihwanye na 10%.Ibi kandi bingana na -10 decibels (-10 decibels).Imikorere ya 0.5 ihwanye na 50%.Ibi kandi bingana na -3 decibels (dB).
Ikigereranyo cya mbere rimwe na rimwe cyitwa imirasire ya antenne.Ibi birayitandukanya n'irindi jambo rikunze gukoreshwa ryitwa effetité yuzuye ya antene.Igiteranyo Cyiza Cyuzuye Imirasire ya Antenna igwizwa no gutakaza impedance idahuye ya antenne.Igihombo kidahuye kibaho mugihe antenne ihujwe kumubiri cyangwa umurongo wohereza.Ibi birashobora kuvunagurwa muburyo bwa formula [2].
[Ikigereranyo cya 2]
formula [2]
Igihombo kidahuye buri gihe ni umubare uri hagati ya 0 na 1. Kubwibyo, muri rusange imikorere ya antenne ihora ari munsi yubushobozi bwimirasire.Kubisubiramo, niba nta gihombo gihari, imikorere yimirasire ihwanye na antenne yose ikora kubera kudahuza impedance.
Kunoza imikorere nimwe mubintu byingenzi bya antenne.Irashobora kuba hafi 100% hamwe nisahani ya satelite, antenne yamahembe, cyangwa dipole yuburebure bwa kimwe cya kabiri nta kintu cyatakaye hafi yacyo.Antenna ya terefone ngendanwa cyangwa antenne ya elegitoroniki y'abaguzi mubisanzwe ifite imikorere ya 20% -70%.Ibi bihwanye na -7 dB -1.5 dB (-7, -1.5 dB).Akenshi kubera gutakaza ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki nibikoresho bikikije antene.Ibi bikunda gukuramo imbaraga zimwe.Ingufu zihindurwamo ingufu zubushyuhe kandi nta mirasire ihari.Ibi bigabanya imikorere ya antene.Imodoka ya radiyo yimodoka irashobora gukorera kumaradiyo ya AM hamwe na antenne ikora 0.01.[Iyi ni 1% cyangwa -20 dB.] Uku kudakora neza ni ukubera ko antenne iba ntoya ya kimwe cya kabiri cyumurongo wumurongo wumurongo.Ibi bigabanya cyane imikorere ya antene.Imiyoboro idafite insinga irabungabungwa kuko umunara wo gutangaza AM ukoresha imbaraga zo kohereza cyane.
Igihombo kidahuye cyaganiriweho mu mbonerahamwe ya Smith hamwe no guhuza Impedance.Guhuza impedance birashobora kunoza cyane imikorere ya antene.
Antenna yunguka
Inyungu ndende ya antenne isobanura imbaraga zihererekanwa mubyerekezo byimirasire yimpanuka, ugereranije nisoko ya isotropique.Inyungu ya Antenna ikunze kuvugwa murupapuro rwerekana antene.Inyungu ya Antenna ni ngombwa kuko izirikana igihombo nyirizina kibaho.
Antenne ifite inyungu 3 dB bivuze ko imbaraga zakiriwe muri antenne ziri hejuru ya 3 dB kurenza uko yakirwa muri antenne itagira igihombo antenna idafite imbaraga zo kwinjiza.3 dB ihwanye ninshuro ebyiri amashanyarazi.
Inyungu ya Antenna rimwe na rimwe iganirwaho nkigikorwa cyerekezo cyangwa inguni.Ariko, iyo umubare umwe ugaragaza inyungu, noneho iyo mibare ninyungu yibyerekezo byose."G" yinyungu ya antenne irashobora kugereranwa nubuyobozi bwa "D" bwubwoko bwa futuristic.
[Ikigereranyo cya 3]
Inyungu ya antenne nyayo, ishobora kuba ndende nkibiryo binini bya satelite, ni 50 dB.Ubuyobozi bushobora kuba munsi ya 1.76 dB nka antenne nyayo (nka antenne ngufi ya dipole).Icyerekezo ntigishobora kuba munsi ya 0 dB.Ariko, impinga ya antenna yunguka irashobora kuba nto uko bishakiye.Ibi biterwa nigihombo cyangwa imikorere idahwitse.Amashanyarazi mato mato ni antenne ntoya ikora kumuraba wumurongo wa antenne ikoreramo.Antenne nto irashobora kudakora neza.Inyungu ya Antenna akenshi iri munsi ya -10 dB, nubwo mugihe impedance idahuye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-16-2023
