Mu gice gishize, twaganiriye ku miterere y'imirasire. Kugira ngo dusesengure neza imirasire ya antene, hakenewe ingingo y'ibanze. Imirasire ya antene ya isotropic yuzuza uru ruhare.
Ibisobanuro
Imirasire ya Isotropic yerekeza ku mirasire ituruka ahantu runaka ikwirakwira mu buryo bumwe mu byerekezo byose, ifite ubukana bumwe hatitawe ku cyerekezo cyo gupima. Iterambere ry'imiterere y'imirasire ya antene rihora risuzumwa hakoreshejwe imirasire ya isotropic nk'icyitegererezo. Iyo imirasire iringaniye mu byerekezo byose, yitwa imirasire ya isotropic.
•Isoko ry'ingingo ni urugero rwa radiateri ya isotropic. Ariko, iyo mirasire ya isotropic ntabwo ishoboka kugerwaho, kuko antene iyo ari yo yose itanga ingufu zayo mu cyerekezo runaka.
•Imirasire ya Isotropic mu by'ukuri ni kimwe n'imirasire ikora mu cyerekezo kimwe.
•Iyo irebwe muri 3D, ifite ishusho isa n'iy'uduti; iyo irebwe muri 2D, ifite ishusho ya munani.
Ishusho iri hejuru igaragaza imiterere y'imirasire ya radiator isotropic (cyangwa omnidirectional). Ishusho ya 1 igaragaza imiterere isa n'iy'uduti muri 3D, mu gihe Ishusho ya 2 igaragaza imiterere y'ishusho ya munani muri 2D.
Inyungu
Radiateri ya isotropic ifite inyungu y’ubumwe, bivuze ko inyungu ari 1 mu mpande zose. Iyo ivuzwe muri decibel (dB), ibi byitwa inyungu ya 0 dB (igihombo cya zero).
Ingufu zikoreshwa mu mirasire ya Isotropic (EIRP)
Dukurikije ibisobanuro bisanzwe, ingano y'ingufu zitangwa na antene ya isotropic kugira ngo zitange ubucucike bw'ingufu bugaragara mu cyerekezo cy'ubwiyongere ntarengwa bwa antene yitwa Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power.
Iyo ingufu z’imirasire ya antene zishyizwe ku ruhande rumwe cyangwa mu cyerekezo runaka, kandi imirasire muri icyo cyerekezo ikaba ingana n’imbaraga z’imirasire ya antene ya isotropic, iyi mirasire yitwa EIRP.
Inyungu
Nubwo imirasire ya isotropic ari idealize gusa, igaragaza imirasire myiza ishoboka antene ishobora kugeraho. Antene nk'iyo ifite inyungu ya 3 dBi, aho 3 dB ihwanye na factor ya 2, naho "i" ikagaragaza umubare munini ugereranyije n'imiterere ya isotropic.
Iyo imirasire yibanda ku nguni runaka, EIRP iriyongera uko antene yiyongera. Inyungu ya antene igerwaho neza iyo imirasire yayo ishyizwe mu cyerekezo kimwe.
Ingufu zikoresha imirasire neza (ERP)
Iyo imbaraga zituruka ku mirasire zibazwe hashingiwe kuri antene ya dipole y’igice cy’umuraba aho kuba antene ya isotropic, yitwa Effective Radiated Power (ERP).
ERP(dBW)=EIRP(dBW)−2.15 dBi
Iyo EIRP izwi, ERP ishobora kubarwa hakoreshejwe formula yatanzwe haruguru.
Kugira ngo umenye byinshi kuri antene, sura:
Igihe cyo kohereza: 17 Mata 2026
