Amateka ya antene z'amahoni atangira mu 1897, ubwo umushakashatsi wa radiyo Jagadish Chandra Bose yakoraga ibishushanyo mbonera by'igerageza akoresheje mikoroonde. Nyuma, GC Southworth na Wilmer Barrow bavumbuye imiterere ya antene igezweho y'amahoni mu 1938. Kuva icyo gihe, imiterere ya antene z'amahoni yakomeje kwigwa kugira ngo basobanure imiterere yazo n'ikoreshwa ryayo mu nzego zitandukanye. Izi antene zizwi cyane mu bijyanye no kohereza amajwi n'amajwi na mikoroonde, bityo zikunze kwitwaantene za mikoroondeBityo rero, iyi nkuru izasuzuma uburyo antene z'amajwi zikora n'ikoreshwa ryazo mu nzego zitandukanye.
Antene y'ihoni ni iki?
A antene y'ihonini antene yoroshye gusohora yagenewe by'umwihariko imiyoboro ya mikoroonde ifite impera yagutse cyangwa isa n'ihembe. Iyi miterere iha antene ubuyobozi bukomeye, bigatuma ikimenyetso gisohoka cyoherezwa byoroshye mu ntera ndende. Antene zo mu mahembe zikora cyane cyane ku miyoboro ya mikoroonde, bityo ingano yazo akenshi iba UHF cyangwa EHF.
Antene ya RFMISO horn RM-CDPHA618-20 (6-18GHz)
Izi antene zikoreshwa nk'amahembe yo kugaburira antene nini nka antene zishingiye ku cyerekezo kimwe n'izishingiye ku cyerekezo kimwe. Ibyiza byazo birimo koroshya imiterere no kuyihindura, ikigereranyo cy'umuraba uhagaze hasi, ubuyobozi buri hagati, hamwe n'umurambararo mugari.
Igishushanyo n'imikorere ya antene y'ihembe
Imiterere ya antene y'ihembe ishobora gushyirwa mu bikorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kohereza no kwakira ibimenyetso bya micro-onde bya radiyo. Ubusanzwe, bikoreshwa hamwe n'uburyo bwo kohereza amajwi n'amajwi ya radiyo kugira ngo hakorwe imirasire mito. Igice cyuzuyemo amajwi gishobora kuza mu buryo butandukanye, nko mu buryo bwa kare, buto, cyangwa buke. Kugira ngo ingano ya antene ibe ntoya uko bishoboka kose. Niba uburebure bw'umurambararo ari bunini cyane cyangwa ingano y'ihembe ari nto, antene ntizakora neza.
Igishushanyo cy'imiterere ya antene y'ihembe
Muri antene ifite ihoni, igice cy'ingufu z'impanuka gisohoka mu muryango w'umuyoboro w'amazi, mu gihe izindi ngufu zigaruka inyuma mu muryango umwe kuko umuryango uba ufunguye, bigatuma habaho guhuza nabi hagati y'umwanya n'umuyoboro w'amazi. Byongeye kandi, ku nkengero z'umuyoboro w'amazi, diffraction igira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw'umuyoboro w'amazi.
Kugira ngo hakemuke intege nke z'umurongo w'ingufu, igice cyo ku mpera cyakozwe mu buryo bw'ihembe rya elegitoroniki. Ibi bituma habaho ihinduka ryiza hagati y'ikirere n'umurongo w'ingufu, bigatanga icyerekezo cyiza cy'imiraba ya radiyo.
Mu guhindura umurongo ngenderwaho nk'ihoni, itandukaniro n'ingufu za 377 ohm hagati y'umwanya n'umurongo ngenderwaho birakurwaho. Ibi byongera icyerekezo n'ubwiyongere bwa antene yohereza ubutumwa binyuze mu kugabanya ikwirakwira ry'amajwi ku nkengero kugira ngo hatangwe ingufu z'impanuka zisohoka mu cyerekezo cy'imbere.
Dore uko antene y'ihoni ikora: Iyo impera imwe y'umurongo w'ingufu itangiye gushyuha, imbaraga rukuruzi zirakorwa. Mu gihe cyo gukwirakwiza umurongo w'ingufu, ingufu zikwirakwira zishobora kugenzurwa binyuze mu nkuta z'umurongo w'ingufu kugira ngo uwo murima udakwirakwira mu buryo bw'uruziga ahubwo mu buryo busa n'ubwo gukwirakwiza umwanya w'ingufu. Iyo umurongo unyura ugeze ku mpera y'umurongo w'ingufu, ukwirakwira mu buryo bumwe no mu mwanya w'ingufu, bityo umurongo w'ingufu uboneka ku mpera y'umurongo w'ingufu.
Ubwoko busanzwe bwa antene zikoresha amahembe
Antena y'ihembe ry'umusaruro usanzweni ubwoko bwa antene ikoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu z'itumanaho zifite ubushobozi bwo gukura no kwaguka neza. Ubwo bwoko bwa antene bukwiriye gukoreshwa mu bikorwa byinshi kandi bushobora gutanga uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ibimenyetso buhamye kandi bwizewe, ndetse no kohereza ingufu nyinshi no kurwanya ingaruka mbi. Antene zisanzwe zo gukura no kwaguka zikoreshwa cyane mu itumanaho rigendanwa, itumanaho rihoraho, itumanaho rya satelite n'ahandi.
Inama ku bicuruzwa bya antene ya RFMISO isanzwe yo gupima amahembe:
RM-SGHA159-20 (4.90-7.05 GHz)
RM-SGHA90-15 （8.2-12.5 GHz）
RM-SGHA284-10 (2.60-3.95 GHz)
Antena y'ihembe rya interinetini antene ikoreshwa mu kwakira no kohereza ibimenyetso bidafite insinga. Ifite imiterere ya bande-band, ishobora gutwikira ibimenyetso mu mibare myinshi ya frequence icyarimwe, kandi ishobora gukomeza gukora neza mu mibare itandukanye ya frequence. Ikunze gukoreshwa muri sisitemu y'itumanaho ridafite insinga, sisitemu ya radar, n'izindi porogaramu zisaba gutwikira bande-band. Imiterere yayo isa n'iy'umunwa w'inzogera, ishobora kwakira no kohereza ibimenyetso neza, kandi ifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kurwanya ingaruka mbi no kohereza intera ndende.
Ibyifuzo ku bicuruzwa bya antene ya RFMISO wideband horn:
RM-BDHA618-10 (6-18 GHz)
RM-BDPHA4244-21 (42-44 GHz)
RM-BDHA1840-15B (18-40 GHz)
Antena y'ihembe ry'urukiramende rubiri (Dual Polarized Horn Antena)ni antene yagenewe kohereza no kwakira imiraba ya elegitoronike mu byerekezo bibiri bigororotse. Ubusanzwe igizwe na antene ebyiri zihagaze zihagaze, zishobora kohereza no kwakira ibimenyetso bya polarized mu byerekezo bitambitse n'ibihagaze. Ikunze gukoreshwa muri radar, itumanaho rya satelite na sisitemu z'itumanaho zigendanwa kugira ngo inoze imikorere n'ubwizerwe byo kohereza amakuru. Ubwo bwoko bwa antene bufite imiterere yoroshye n'imikorere ihamye, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ry'itumanaho.
Ibyifuzo ku gicuruzwa cya antene ya RFMISO ifite amahembe abiri ya polarization:
RM-BDPHA0818-12 (0.8-18 GHz)
RM-CDPHA218-15 (2-18 GHz)
RM-DPHA6090-16 (60-90 GHz)
Antena y'ihembe ry'uruzigani antene yagenewe byihariye ishobora kwakira no kohereza imiraba ya elegitoronike mu byerekezo bihagaze n'ibitambitse icyarimwe. Akenshi igizwe n'uruziga rw'uruziga n'umunwa w'inzogera ufite imiterere yihariye. Binyuze muri ubu buryo, kohereza no kwakira ibintu mu buryo bw'uruziga bishobora kugerwaho. Ubwo bwoko bwa antene bukoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu za radar, itumanaho na satelite, butanga ubushobozi bwo kohereza no kwakira ibimenyetso byizewe.
Ibyifuzo ku bicuruzwa bya antene y'ihembe rya RFMISO ifite polarike ikora nk'uruziga:
RM-CPHA82124-20 (8.2-12.4GHz)
RM-CPHA09225-13 （0.9-2.25GHz）
RM-CPHA218-16 (2-18 GHz)
Ibyiza bya antene y'ihoni
1. Nta bice by'itumanaho bitanga umuvuduko kandi bishobora gukora mu buryo bwagutse bw'umurongo n'uburyo bwagutse bw'umuvuduko.
2. Ubusanzwe igipimo cy'ubugari bw'umurambararo ni 10:1 (1 GHz - 10 GHz), rimwe na rimwe kikagera kuri 20:1.
3. Igishushanyo cyoroshye.
4. Byoroshye guhuza n'imirongo y'ingufu n'imiyoboro ya coaxial.
5. Iyo ukoresheje ikigereranyo cy'umuraba uhagaze (SWR), bishobora kugabanya umuraba uhagaze.
6. Guhuza neza impedance.
7. Imikorere irahamye mu gihe cyose cy'inshuro.
8. Ishobora gukora udupapuro duto.
9. Ikoreshwa nk'ihoni yo kongereraho antene nini za paraboliki.
10. Gutanga icyerekezo cyiza kurushaho.
11. Irinde imiraba ihagaze.
12. Nta bice bihindura imikorere kandi bishobora gukora ku murongo munini w'itumanaho.
13. Ifite icyerekezo gikomeye kandi itanga icyerekezo cyo hejuru.
14. Bitanga ibitekerezo bike.
Gukoresha antene y'ihoni
Izi antene zikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bushakashatsi bw'ikirere no mu bikorwa bishingiye kuri mikoroonde. Zishobora gukoreshwa nk'ibikoresho byo gupima ibipimo bitandukanye bya antene muri laboratwari. Ku murongo wa mikoroonde, izi antene zishobora gukoreshwa igihe cyose zifite inyungu iringaniye. Kugira ngo ugere ku bushobozi bwo gukuraho ubunini, ingano ya antene y'ihembe igomba kuba nini. Ubwo bwoko bwa antene bukwiriye kamera zipima umuvuduko kugira ngo hirindwe ko habaho ingaruka ku gisubizo gikenewe cyo kugarura urumuri. Uturemangingo tw'ihembe dushobora gukururwa n'ibintu byo kugaburira nka antene z'ihembe, bityo bikamurikira utwo turemangingo binyuze mu buyobozi bwo hejuru butanga.
Kugira ngo umenye byinshi, sura
Terefone: 0086-028-82695327
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Werurwe-28-2024
