Amateka ya antene yamahembe yatangiriye mu 1897, igihe umushakashatsi wa radiyo Jagadish Chandra Bose yakoraga ibishushanyo mbonera byubushakashatsi akoresheje microwave.Nyuma, GC Southworth na Wilmer Barrow bahimbye imiterere ya antenne yamahembe ya kijyambere mu 1938.Kuva icyo gihe, ibishushanyo mbonera bya antenna byakomeje kwigwa kugirango bisobanure imishwarara yabyo hamwe nuburyo bukoreshwa mubice bitandukanye.Iyi antenne irazwi cyane mubijyanye no gukwirakwiza umurongo wa micide na microwave, niyo mpamvu bakunze kwitaantenna ya microwave.Kubwibyo, iyi ngingo izasesengura uburyo antene yamahembe ikora nuburyo bukoreshwa mubice bitandukanye.
Antenna y'ihembe ni iki?
A antennani antenne ya aperture yagenewe byumwihariko kuri microwave yumurongo ufite iherezo ryagutse cyangwa rifite amahembe.Iyi miterere itanga antenne iyobora cyane, ituma ibimenyetso byasohotse byanduzwa byoroshye intera ndende.Antenne yamahembe ikorera cyane kuri microwave yumurongo, kuburyo intera yabyo ari UHF cyangwa EHF.
RFMISO ihembe antenna RM-CDPHA618-20 (6-18GHz)
Iyi antenne ikoreshwa nkamahembe yo kugaburira antene nini nka parabolike na antenne yerekeza.Ibyiza byabo birimo ubworoherane bwo gushushanya no guhinduka, igipimo gike gihagaze neza, icyerekezo giciriritse, hamwe numuyoboro mugari.
Igishushanyo mbonera cya antenne no gukora
Ibishushanyo bya antenne yamahembe birashobora gushyirwa mubikorwa ukoresheje amahembe ameze nkamahembe yo kohereza no kwakira ibimenyetso bya radiyo yumurongo wa microwave.Mubisanzwe, bikoreshwa bifatanije nigaburo rya waveguide hamwe na radiyo itaziguye kugirango bakore imirongo migufi.Igice cyaka cyane gishobora kuza muburyo butandukanye, nka kare, conique, cyangwa urukiramende.Kugirango ukore neza, ubunini bwa antenne bugomba kuba buto bushoboka.Niba uburebure bwumuraba ari bunini cyane cyangwa ingano yamahembe ni nto, antene ntizikora neza.
Igishushanyo cyamahembe antenna
Muri antenne yamahembe, igice cyingufu zibyabaye kiva mumiryango yumurongo wa waveguide, mugihe ingufu zisigaye zigaragarira inyuma yumuryango umwe kuko ubwinjiriro burakinguye, bikavamo umukino mubi wo gukumira hagati yumwanya nu umurongo.Byongeye kandi, kumpera yumurongo woguide, gutandukana bigira ingaruka kumirasire yumurongo wumurongo.
Kugirango tuneshe ibitagenda neza kuri waveguide, gufungura impera byakozwe muburyo bwa ihembe rya electronique.Ibi bituma habaho inzibacyuho yoroheje hagati yumwanya na waveguide, itanga icyerekezo cyiza kuri radio.
Muguhindura umurongo wumurongo nkimiterere yamahembe, guhagarara hamwe na 377 ohm impedance hagati yumwanya na waveguide iravaho.Ibi byongera icyerekezo ninyungu za antenne yohereza mukugabanya itandukaniro kumpande kugirango itange ingufu zibyabaye zerekejwe imbere.
Dore uko antenne yamahembe ikora: Iyo impera imwe yumurongo wa waveguide imaze gushimishwa, hakorwa umurima wa rukuruzi.Kubijyanye no gukwirakwiza umuyaga, umurima ukwirakwiza urashobora kugenzurwa ukoresheje urukuta rwumurongo kugirango umurima udakwirakwira muburyo butandukanye ariko muburyo busa nogukwirakwiza umwanya wubusa.Umwanya urengana umaze kugera kumurongo wanyuma, ikwirakwira muburyo bumwe nubusa, bityo umurongo wa serefegitura uboneka kumpera yumurongo.
Ubwoko busanzwe bwa antene
Kunguka Amahembe Antennani ubwoko bwa antenne ikoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu yitumanaho hamwe ninyungu ihamye hamwe na beamwidth.Ubu bwoko bwa antenne bubereye porogaramu nyinshi kandi burashobora gutanga ibimenyetso bihamye kandi byizewe byerekana ibimenyetso, kimwe no gukwirakwiza ingufu nyinshi hamwe nubushobozi bwiza bwo kurwanya.Inyungu zisanzwe zamahembe zikoreshwa cyane mubitumanaho bigendanwa, itumanaho rihamye, itumanaho rya satelite nizindi nzego.
RFMISO isanzwe yunguka amahembe antenna yibicuruzwa ：
RM-SGHA159-20 （4.90-7.05 GHz）
RM-SGHA90-15 （8.2-12.5 GHz）
RM-SGHA284-10 （2.60-3.95 GHz）
Umuyoboro mugari Antennani antenne ikoreshwa mu kwakira no kohereza ibimenyetso bidafite umugozi.Ifite umurongo mugari, irashobora gutwikira ibimenyetso mumirongo myinshi icyarimwe, kandi irashobora gukomeza imikorere myiza mumirongo itandukanye.Bikunze gukoreshwa muri sisitemu yo gutumanaho idafite umugozi, sisitemu ya radar, hamwe nizindi porogaramu zisaba kwaguka kwagutse.Igishushanyo mbonera cyacyo gisa nuburyo bwumunwa w inzogera, ishobora kwakira no kohereza ibimenyetso neza, kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya-intera nimbaraga ndende.
RFMISO mugari wamahembe antenna yibicuruzwa ：
RM-BDHA618-10 （6-18 GHz）
RM-BDPHA4244-21 （42-44 GHz）
RM-BDHA1840-15B （18-40 GHz）
Antenna ebyirini antenne yabugenewe yohereza no kwakira amashanyarazi ya electronique mu byerekezo bibiri bya orthogonal.Ubusanzwe igizwe na antenne ebyiri zashyizwe mu buryo buhagaritse, zishobora icyarimwe kohereza no kwakira ibimenyetso bya polarize mu cyerekezo gitambitse kandi gihagaritse.Bikunze gukoreshwa muri radar, itumanaho rya satelite hamwe na sisitemu yitumanaho rigendanwa kugirango tunoze imikorere kandi yizewe yo kohereza amakuru.Ubu bwoko bwa antenne bufite igishushanyo cyoroshye kandi gikora neza, kandi gikoreshwa cyane muburyo bwikoranabuhanga ryitumanaho.
RFMISO dual polarisation ihembe antenna yibicuruzwa:
RM-BDPHA0818-12 （0.8-18 GHz）
RM-CDPHA218-15 （2-18 GHz）
RM-DPHA6090-16 （60-90 GHz）
Uruziga ruzengurutse amahembe Antennani antenne yabugenewe ishobora kwakira no kohereza imiyoboro ya electroniki ya magnetiki mu cyerekezo gihagaritse kandi gitambitse icyarimwe.Ubusanzwe igizwe numuzenguruko wizunguruka hamwe numunwa w inzogera wihariye.Binyuze muriyi miterere, kuzenguruka kuzenguruka no kwakirwa birashobora kugerwaho.Ubu bwoko bwa antene bukoreshwa cyane muri radar, itumanaho na sisitemu ya satelite, bitanga ibimenyetso byizewe byo kohereza no kwakira.
RFMISO izengurutswe n'amahembe antenna y'ibicuruzwa:
RM-CPHA82124-20 （8.2-12.4GHz）
RM-CPHA09225-13 （0.9-2.25GHz）
RM-CPHA218-16 （2-18 GHz）
Ibyiza bya antenne yamahembe
1. Nta bikoresho byumvikana kandi birashobora gukora mugari mugari kandi mugari.
2. Ikigereranyo cya beamwidth mubusanzwe ni 10: 1 (1 GHz - 10 GHz), rimwe na rimwe bigera kuri 20: 1.
3. Igishushanyo cyoroshye.
4. Biroroshye guhuza imirongo yo kugaburira hamwe na coaxial.
5. Hamwe numubare muto uhagaze (SWR), irashobora kugabanya imiraba ihagaze.
6. Guhuza inzitizi nziza.
7. Imikorere irahagaze murwego rwose rwumurongo.
8. Irashobora gukora udupapuro duto.
9. Ikoreshwa nk'ihembe ryo kugaburira antene nini ya parabolike.
10. Tanga icyerekezo cyiza.
11. Irinde imiraba ihagaze.
12. Nta bikoresho byumvikana kandi birashobora gukora hejuru yumurongo mugari.
13. Ifite icyerekezo gikomeye kandi itanga icyerekezo cyo hejuru.
14. Itanga ibitekerezo bike.
Gukoresha antenne yamahembe
Iyi antenne ikoreshwa cyane cyane mubushakashatsi bwikirere hamwe na microwave ishingiye kubikorwa.Birashobora gukoreshwa nkibikoresho byo kugaburira ibipimo bya antenne zitandukanye muri laboratoire.Kuri microwave yumurongo, antenne irashobora gukoreshwa mugihe bafite inyungu ziciriritse.Kugirango ugere kubikorwa byunguka, ingano ya antenne yamahembe igomba kuba nini.Ubu bwoko bwa antene bukwiranye na kamera yihuta kugirango wirinde kubangamira igisubizo gikenewe cyo gutekereza.Imashini ya parabolike irashobora gushimishwa no kugaburira ibintu nka antene yamahembe, bityo ukamurika ibyerekanwa ukoresheje uburyo bwo hejuru butanga.
Kumenya byinshi nyamuneka udusure
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-28-2024
