Nigute ushobora kugera kuri impedance ihuye na waveguide?Duhereye ku murongo w'itumanaho muri antenne ya microstrip, tuzi ko urukurikirane rukwiye cyangwa imirongo ibangikanye irashobora gutoranywa kugirango habeho guhuza inzitizi hagati y'imirongo yohereza cyangwa hagati y'imirongo ihererekanya n'imizigo kugirango igere ku mashanyarazi ntarengwa no gutakaza byibuze.Ihame rimwe ryo guhuzagurika guhuza imirongo ya microstrip ikoreshwa kuri impedance ihuye na waveguides.Ibitekerezo muri sisitemu ya waveguide birashobora gutuma habaho kudahuza.Iyo kwangirika kwa impedance bibaye, igisubizo ni kimwe no kumurongo wohereza, ni ukuvuga, guhindura agaciro gasabwa Impedance yatewe ishyirwa kumwanya wabazwe mbere mumurongo wumurongo kugirango utsinde ibidahuye, bityo bikureho ingaruka zibitekerezo.Mugihe imirongo yohereza ikoresha inzitizi cyangwa ibibyimba, umurongo wogukoresha ukoresha ibyuma byuburyo butandukanye.
igishushanyo 1: Waveguide irises hamwe nizunguruka zingana, (a) Ubushobozi; (b) inductive; (c) resonant.
Igishushanyo 1 kirerekana ubwoko butandukanye bwa impedance ihuye, ifata uburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bwerekanwe kandi bushobora kuba capacitive, inductive cyangwa resonant.Isesengura ry'imibare riragoye, ariko ibisobanuro bifatika ntabwo.Urebye icyuma cya mbere cyitwa capacitif cyuma mubishushanyo, birashobora kugaragara ko ubushobozi bwabayeho hagati yinkuta zo hejuru nu hepfo ya flakeide (muburyo bwiganje) ubu ibaho hagati yicyuma cyombi cyegeranye cyane, bityo ubushobozi ni The ingingo iriyongera.Ibinyuranye, guhagarika icyuma mubishusho 1b bituma imiyoboro itemba aho itatemba mbere.Hazabaho gutembera mumashanyarazi yabanje kuzamura amashanyarazi kubera kongeramo icyuma.Kubwibyo, kubika ingufu bibaho mumashanyarazi kandi inductance muricyo gihe cya waveguide iriyongera.Mubyongeyeho, niba imiterere numwanya wimpeta yicyuma mubishushanyo c byateguwe neza, reaction ya inductive na capacitive reaction yatangijwe bizaba bingana, kandi aperture izaba ihwanye na resonance.Ibi bivuze ko impedance ihuza no guhuza uburyo bukuru nibyiza cyane, kandi ingaruka zo guhagarika ubu buryo zizaba nke.Ariko, ubundi buryo cyangwa imirongo bizagenda byiyongera, bityo impeta ya resonant impeta ikora nkibiri muyunguruzi hamwe nuburyo bwo kuyungurura.
igishushanyo 2: (a) ibyerekezo byerekanwa; (b) guhuza ibice bibiri
Ubundi buryo bwo guhuza bwerekanwe hejuru, aho icyuma cya silindrike kiva kumurongo umwe mugari ugana kumurongo woguide, ukagira ingaruka nkicyuma cyicyuma muburyo bwo gutanga reaction imwe muricyo gihe.Icyuma gishobora kuba capacitif cyangwa inductive, ukurikije intera igera muri waveguide.Mu byingenzi, ubu buryo bwo guhuza ni uko iyo nkingi yicyuma irambuye gato mumurongo woguide, itanga ubushobozi bwokwirinda icyo gihe, kandi ubushobozi bwa capacitive bwiyongera kugeza igihe kwinjirira bigera kuri kimwe cya kane cyuburebure bwumuraba, Kuri iyi ngingo, rezanson ikurikirana ibaho .Ibindi byinjira mubyuma byicyuma bivamo inductive susceptance itangwa bigabanuka uko kwinjiza biba byuzuye.Ubwinshi bwa resonance kumurongo wo hagati buringaniye buringaniye na diameter yinkingi kandi birashobora gukoreshwa nkayunguruzo, nyamara, muriki gihe ikoreshwa nka bande ihagarika akayunguruzo kugirango yohereze uburyo bwo hejuru.Ugereranije no kongera impedance yumurongo wibyuma, inyungu nyamukuru yo gukoresha ibyuma byicyuma nuko byoroshye guhinduka.Kurugero, ibice bibiri birashobora gukoreshwa nkibikoresho byo guhuza kugirango bigerweho neza.
Imizigo irwanya ibintu hamwe na attenuator:
Kimwe nubundi buryo bwogukwirakwiza, umurongo wogusaba rimwe na rimwe bisaba guhuza neza no guhuza imizigo kugirango yinjize neza imiraba yinjira itabanje gutekereza kandi kuba inshuro nyinshi.Porogaramu imwe kubintu nkibi ni ugukora ibipimo bitandukanye byimbaraga kuri sisitemu utabanje gukwirakwiza ingufu.
igishushanyo cya 3 umurongo wo kurwanya umutwaro (a) icyuma kimwe (b) icyuma kibiri
Ikirangantego gikunze kurangira ni igice cya dielectric yatakaye yashyizwe kumpera yumurongo wa widegide hanyuma ugafatwa (hamwe numutwe werekeza kumuraba winjira) kugirango udatera gutekereza.Iki gikoresho cyatakaye gishobora gufata ubugari bwose bwumurongo woguide, cyangwa gishobora gufata gusa hagati yimpera yumurongo wa flake, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 3. Ikariso irashobora kuba imwe cyangwa inshuro ebyiri kandi mubisanzwe ifite uburebure bwa λp / 2, hamwe n'uburebure bwuzuye hafi yuburebure bubiri.Ubusanzwe bikozwe mu byapa bya dielectric nk'ikirahure, bisizwe na karubone cyangwa ikirahuri cy'amazi hanze.Kubikoresha imbaraga nyinshi, ama terefone ashobora kugira ibyuma byongeramo ubushyuhe byongewe hanze yumurongo wa waveguide, kandi imbaraga zagejejwe kuri terefone zishobora gukwirakwizwa hifashishijwe icyuma gishyuha cyangwa binyuze mu gukonjesha ikirere ku gahato.
igishushanyo cya 4 cyimuka cyimuka
Dielectric attenuator irashobora gukorwa kuvanwaho nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 4. Gishyirwa hagati yumurongo wa waveguide, irashobora kwimurwa nyuma ikava hagati rwagati, aho izatanga ibyiyumvo binini cyane, kumpande, aho attenuation yagabanutse cyane. kuva amashanyarazi yumuriro imbaraga ziganje ni hasi cyane.
Kwiyongera muri waveguide:
Ingufu ziyongera kumurongo wibanze zirimo ibintu bikurikira:
1. Ibitekerezo biturutse kumurongo wimbere wihagarikwa cyangwa ibice bitandukanijwe neza
2. Igihombo cyatewe numuyoboro utemba murukuta rwumurongo
3. Igihombo cya dielectric mumashanyarazi yuzuye
Babiri baheruka basa nigihombo gihuye mumirongo ya coaxial kandi byombi ni bito.Iki gihombo giterwa nibikoresho byurukuta nuburemere bwacyo, dielectric yakoreshejwe ninshuro (kubera ingaruka zuruhu).Ku muyoboro wumuringa, intera iri hagati ya 4 dB / 100m kuri 5 GHz kugeza 12 dB / 100m kuri 10 GHz, ariko kumuyoboro wa aluminium, intera iri hasi.Kuri feza yometseho ifeza, igihombo mubisanzwe ni 8dB / 100m kuri 35 GHz, 30dB / 100m kuri 70 GHz, kandi hafi 500 dB / 100m kuri 200 GHz.Kugabanya igihombo, cyane cyane kuri frequence yo hejuru, umurongo wogukoresha rimwe na rimwe ushyirwaho (imbere) hamwe na zahabu cyangwa platine.
Nkuko bimaze kugaragazwa, umurongo wogukora ukora nkurwego rwo hejuru rwungurura.Nubwo umurongo wa waveguide ubwayo utagira igihombo, imirongo iri munsi yo guhagarika inshuro nyinshi.Iyi attenuation iterwa no gutekereza kumunwa wa waveguide aho gukwirakwizwa.
Guhuza Waveguide:
Guhuza Waveguide mubisanzwe bibaho binyuze muri flanges mugihe ibice cyangwa ibice byahujwe hamwe.Imikorere yiyi flange nugukora ibishoboka byose kugirango habeho guhuza imashini hamwe nibikoresho byamashanyarazi bikwiye, cyane cyane imirasire yo hanze yo hanze hamwe no kugaragariza imbere imbere.
Flange:
Waveguide flanges ikoreshwa cyane mubitumanaho bya microwave, sisitemu ya radar, itumanaho rya satelite, sisitemu ya antenna, nibikoresho bya laboratoire mubushakashatsi bwa siyansi.Byakoreshejwe muguhuza ibice bitandukanye byumuvuduko, kwemeza ko kumeneka no kwivanga birindwa, kandi bigakomeza guhuza neza umurongo wogukoresha kugirango habeho kwanduza kwizerwa no guhagarara neza kwumurongo wa electromagnetic.Umuhengeri usanzwe ufite flange kuri buri mpera, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 5.
igishushanyo 5 (a) flange isanzwe; (b) guhuza flange.
Mugihe gito cyo hasi flange izasunikwa cyangwa izengurutswe kumurongo woguide, mugihe kumurongo mwinshi ikoreshwa neza.Iyo ibice bibiri bihujwe, flanges ihujwe hamwe, ariko impera zigomba kurangizwa neza kugirango wirinde guhagarara.Biragaragara ko byoroshye guhuza ibice neza hamwe noguhindura bimwe, bityo rero imirongo mito mito iba ifite ibikoresho bifatanyirijwe hamwe bishobora gutondekwa hamwe nimbuto yimpeta.Mugihe inshuro zigenda ziyongera, ingano yo guhuza umurongo wa waveguide isanzwe igabanuka, kandi guhagarika guhuza bigenda biba binini ugereranije nuburebure bwikimenyetso nubunini bwa waveguide.Kubwibyo, guhagarika kumurongo mwinshi biba ibibazo cyane.
igishushanyo cya 6 (a) Igice cyambukiranya guhuza imitwe; (b) kureba amaherezo ya choke flange
Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, hashobora gusigara icyuho gito hagati y’umurongo w’amazi, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 6. Ihuriro rya choke rigizwe na flange isanzwe hamwe na flake flake ihujwe hamwe.Kugirango hishyurwe ibishobora guhagarara, impeta izenguruka hamwe na L-yambukiranya igice ikoreshwa muri choke flange kugirango igere kumurongo uhuza.Bitandukanye na flanges zisanzwe, flake flanges irumva inshuro nyinshi, ariko igishushanyo mbonera gishobora kwemeza umurongo mugari (wenda 10% yumurongo wo hagati) hejuru ya SWR itarenga 1.05.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-15-2024
