Gukoresha neza antenaisobanura uburyo imbaraga za RF zemewe zihinduka ingufu zikomoka ku maraso. Ni ingenzi mu gupima antene kuko igihombo cy'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi, igihombo cya dielectric no kudahuza neza kwa impedance bishobora kugabanya imirasire ikoreshwa nubwo antene yaba ifite imiterere ikwiye.
Uburyo bw'ibanze bwo gukoresha neza imirasire ni ubu:
Ingufu z'imirasire, eifarashi= Pifarashi/ Pbyemewe
Ubushobozi bwose burimo kandi kudahuza neza kw'injira rya antene:
Imikorere myiza yose, e0= (1 - |Γ|2eifarashi
aho Pifarashini imbaraga zituruka ku mirasire, PbyemeweIngufu zemewe kandi Γ ni coefficient yo kwerekana imiterere y'imashini. Iyi mfashanyigisho isobanura uburyo bwo gukoresha neza antene, uburyo bwo gutakaza, inyungu, ubuyobozi, inyungu yabonetse n'uburyo busanzwe bwo gupima.
Uburyo Antena Ikora: Ibisobanuro n'Amabwiriza
Igishushanyo cya 1
Igitekerezo cy'imikorere myiza ya antene gishobora gusobanurwa hakoreshejwe Ishusho ya 1.
Uburyo bwose bwo gukoresha antene e0 bukoreshwa mu kubara igihombo cya antene ku buryo yinjira no mu miterere ya antene. Dukurikije Ishusho ya 1 (b), ibi bihombo bishobora guterwa na:
1. Ukwigaragaza kw'amajwi guterwa no kudahuza neza hagati y'umurongo uyobora itumanaho na antene;
2. Ibihombo bya conductor na dielectric.
Uburyo antene ikora neza bushobora kuboneka muri formula ikurikira:
Ni ukuvuga ko ubushobozi bwose = umusaruro w'imikorere idahuye, imikorere myiza y'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi n'imikorere myiza ya dielectric.
Ubusanzwe biragoye cyane kubara imikorere myiza y'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi n'imikorere myiza ya dielectric, ariko bishobora kugaragazwa n'igerageza. Ariko, igerageza ntirishobora gutandukanya ibihombo bibiri, bityo formula yavuzwe haruguru ishobora kwandikwa ukundi:
ecd ni ubushobozi bw'imirasire ya antene naho Γ ni coefficient yo kugaragaza urumuri.
Inyungu, Ubuyobozi n'Inyungu Igezweho
Ubuyoboziisobanura uburyo imirasire y’urumuri yiganjemo mu cyerekezo runaka.Inyunguihuza icyerekezo n'imikorere myiza y'imirasire:
G = eifarashiD
aho G ari inyungu, D ni ubuyobozi na eifarashini ubushobozi bw'imirasire. Kubwibyo, inyungu iterwa n'igihombo cya conductor na dielectric ariko ubusanzwe ntibikuraho igihombo cya impedance-mistake.
Muri rusange, bivuga inyungu igereranyije, isobanurwa nka "igipimo cy'inyungu y'ingufu mu cyerekezo runaka n'imbaraga za antene y'icyerekezo mu cyerekezo cy'icyerekezo". Imbaraga zinjiye muri iyi antene zigomba kungana. Antene y'icyerekezo ishobora kuba vibrator, horn cyangwa indi antene. Kenshi na kenshi, isoko y'ingingo idashingiye ku cyerekezo ikoreshwa nk'antene y'icyerekezo. Kubwibyo:
Isano iri hagati y'imbaraga zose zaranzwe n'imbaraga zose zinjiye ni iyi ikurikira:
Inyungu yabonetseirimo ingaruka zo kudahuza kw'ibyo winjije kandi ifitanye isano n'inyungu za:
Gbyagezweho= (1 - |Γ|2)G
Iyo antene ihuye neza, inyungu ifatika yegera ku nyungu. Iyo ukutumvikana gukomeye, inyungu ifatika iba nke nubwo imiterere y'imirasire n'ubushobozi bw'imirasire bitahindutse.
Isano iri hagati y'inyungu n'icyerekezo ni:
Iyo antene ihuye neza n'umurongo wo kohereza, |Γ| = 0 n'inyungu yabonetse bingana n'inyungu. Muri sisitemu zifatika, igihombo cy'insinga n'umurongo w'igenzura ry'ikoreshwa ry'amashanyarazi nabyo bigomba kwitabwaho mu gihe cyo kugereranya agaciro kapimwe n'akayishushanyije.
Ibintu by'ingenzi bigabanya imikorere myiza ya Antena
- Ubushobozi bwo kuyobora ikigo n'ubugari bw'ubuso bw'ikigo
- Ibura ry'amashanyarazi mu bice by'ubutaka, radome n'ibikoresho by'inkunga
- Ubudasa bw'impedance ku ifunguro
- Imiyoboro ihuza abantu, imiyoboro ihuza abantu n'imiterere y'ibiryo itakaza agaciro
- Gushyira hafi y'icyuma, ibikoresho bikurura cyangwa umubiri w'umuntu
- Uburyo bwo kwihanganira ibintu mu nganda n'uburyo umuriro ukwirakwira ushingiye ku nshuro
Uburyo Antena Ikora neza Ipimirwa
Uburyo bwo gupima bushingira ku bwoko bwa antene, intera y'ingufu n'ibikoresho byo gupima biboneka. Uburyo busanzwe burimo kugereranya ubwiyongere bw'ingufu, guhuza imirasire n'imiterere, gupima icyumba cyo kugarura urumuri n'uburyo bwa Wheeler-cap ku antene nto zikoreshwa mu by'amashanyarazi. Gupima neza, gukosora ibura ry'insinga, guhuza imiterere y'ingufu n'umurongo w'igenzura usobanutse neza ni ingenzi kugira ngo haboneke ibisubizo bifite akamaro.
Gukoresha Ingufu n'Ubwinshi mu Guhitamo Antena
Ubushobozi, inyungu, inyungu yabonetse, bandwidth, polarization, beamwidth na VSWR bigomba gusuzumwa hamwe. Antene ifite icyerekezo cyo hejuru ishobora gutanga inyungu mbi yabonetse niba igihombo cyangwa kudahuza ari byinshi. Abahanga mu by'imashini bagomba kugereranya agaciro mu gice cyose cy'imikorere no mu bihe byo gushyiraho.
Suzuma RF MISOibisubizo bya antenecyangwa usuzume ibyacuubushobozi bwo gupima anteneKu bijyanye no guhitamo porogaramu yihariye, sangira itsinda rya RF MISO umurongo ngenderwaho w'imikorere, inyungu ikenewe, uburinganire, imbogamizi zo gushyiraho n'ibidukikije byo gupima.
Kugira ngo umenye byinshi kuri antene, sura:
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Kamena-14-2024
