Ni iki gikoresho cyiza cya Antena?
Itsindaantene ifunguka neza, yitwa kandiagace gatanga umusaruro (Ae), isobanura uburyo antene yakira ifata neza ingufu ziturutse ku muraba wa elegitoroniki utunguranye. Ni agace gashobora kwakira, ntabwo ari ngombwa ko ari ahantu nyaburanga antene ifunguye.
Ku muraba w’indege uhuye n’umuraba uturutse mu cyerekezo cyakira neza, ubwonko buhuza imbaraga z’impanuka n’imbaraga ziboneka ku miyoboro ya antene.
If Sni ubucucike bw'ingufu zabaye muri W/m2naPrni imbaraga zakira ziboneka muri watts, hanyuma:
Pr= SAe
Umwobo munini ufasha gukusanya imbaraga nyinshi ziturutse mu gice kimwe cy’impanuka, mu gihe icyerekezo cyo kugera no gutandukanya ibintu bihuye.
Ubushobozi bwo gusohora neza bwerekana imikorere myiza y'imirasire n'ibindi bihombo bya antene, harimo n'ibihombo bya conductor na dielectric. Bityo, ipima imikorere ikoreshwa mu kwakira aho gupima ingano ifatika gusa. Imikorere myiza y'ingufu, kudahuza kw'impedance no kudahuza kwa polarization byose bishobora kugabanya imbaraga zitangwa kuri receiver.
Formula ikora neza yo gusohora no kongera antena
Ubushobozi ntarengwa bwo gusohora antene iyo ari yo yose bufitanye isano n'ubwiyongere bwayoGn'uburebure bw'umurambararoλna:
Ae= Gλ2/(4π)
Koresha inyungu nk'ikigereranyo cy'umurongo, ntabwo ari dBi, muri iki kigereranyo. Hindura inyungu ukoreshejeG = 10G(dBi)/10Kubera ko uburebure bw'umurambararo bunganac/f, ubwonko bugenda neza bugabanuka uko inshuro nyinshi iyo kwiyongera kw'ubwonko kugumye uko bisanzwe.
Ku rundi ruhande, antene zifite ubwoya bumwe bufatika zishobora kugera ku ntera nini ku bunini bw'urumuri mu gihe ubushobozi bwo kuboha bukomeje kugereranywa. Iyi sano ifasha injeniyeri kugereranya ubushobozi bwo kwakira mu buryo butandukanye.
Uburyo Aperture Ikora Igenwa
Ubushobozi bwo gusohora neza bushobora kubarwa uhereye ku gupima ubushobozi bw'amashanyarazi, bugapimwa hakoreshejwe antene y'icyitegererezo, cyangwa bugafatwa hakurikijwe ibipimo by'imbaraga zakira. Ibisubizo ni ingirakamaro mu ngengo y'imari y'amakuru, ibipimo bya antene n'ibipimo by'uburyo sisitemu ikoresha.
Ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo gupima, reba RF MISO'santene zisanzwe zo gupima amahembe, bitanga inyungu izwi ugereranyije n'imirongo y'amajwi yagenwe.
Gukoresha Aperture Ikora neza muri Friis Transmission Equation
ItsindaIgipimo cyo kohereza amakuru muri Friisihuza ingufu zoherezwa, kwiyongera kwa antene, uburebure bw'umurambararo n'intera yo gutandukana mu gice cy'umurongo wa kure w'ahantu higenga. Ku bushobozi bwo kwiyongera kwa transmitterGtinyungu y'uwakiraGr, uburebure bw'umurambararoλn'interaR, ipima imbaraga ziboneka kuri antene yakira.
GukoreshaPr= SAeigaragaza neza uruhare rw'akanya gato ko kwakira: antene yohereza itanga ubucucike bw'ingufu kuri riyakira, naho antene yo kwakira igahindura igice cy'uwo murima mo ingufu za terminal.
Gutanga formula ya Friis Transmission
Tekereza antene ebyiri zitandukanyijwe n'interaRmu mwanya utagira imbogamizi. Antene yakira igomba kuba iri kure y'icyuma gitanga amakuru, kandi antene zigomba kuba zigororotse mu cyerekezo no mu buryo bwo gutandukanya amakuru.
If PtWatts zigezwa kuri antene nziza yo kohereza isotropic, ingufu zikwirakwira hejuru y'umubumbe. Iyo uri kureR, ubucucike bw'ingufu z'impanuka ni:
Ishusho ya 1. Antena zo kohereza (Tx) na Receiver (Rx) zitandukanyijwe naR.
Kugira ngo habeho antene ikora neza kandi irusheho kohereza ubutumwaGtKu ruhande rw'umukiriya, ubucucike bw'imbaraga z'impanuka bwiyongera bitewe n'icyo kintu cy'inyungu:
Niba antene yakira ifite umwanya mwiza wo gufunguraAe, ingufu zakirwa ziboneka ni ubucucike bw'imbaraga z'impanuka zikubye inshuroAe:
Gusimbuza antene yakira umurongo w’itumanaho hagati y’umuvuduko n’ingufu bitanga:
Bityo rero, ububasha bwakiriwe bushobora kwandikwa mu buryo buzwi bwo gushyira ahantu higenga:
Ikigereranyo cya 1.Ikigereranyo cyo gukwirakwiza kwa Friis ukurikije uburebure bwumurongo.
Ikigereranyo cya 1Ifitanye isano n'ingufu zo kohereza, kwiyongera kwa antene, uburebure bw'umuraba n'intera yo gutandukana. Ifite agaciro mu gukwirakwiza ahantu higenga umurongo w'ahantu mu buryo bugaragara mu busitani bwa kure. Sisitemu nyazo zisaba andi masezerano yo gutakaza insinga, gutakaza umurongo w'itumanaho, amakosa yo kwerekana, gutakaza ikirere n'izindi ngaruka zo gukwirakwiza.
Ishusho y'inshuro ya Friis Equation
Kubera koλ = c/f, icyo gipimo gishobora kandi kugaragazwa hakurikijwe inshuro:
Ikigereranyo cya 2.Igipimo cyo kohereza amakuru cya Friis mu bijyanye n'inshuro.
Uburyo Ingano Igira Ingaruka ku Bushyuhe Bwakiriwe
Iyo kwiyongera kwa antene n'intera bigumanye, ikigereranyo cya Friis gihanura imbaraga nke zakirwa uko inshuro ziyongera kubera ko ubunini bw'umuraba bugenda buba bugufi. Iri gereranya rifata agaciro kamwe k'inyungu kuri buri nshuro.
Ariko, kuri antene zifite aho zihurira hadahinduka, kwiyongera muri rusange kwiyongera uko uburebure bw'umuraba bugabanuka. Bityo, amasano afite frequency nyinshi na milimetero-wave ashobora kugera ku musaruro mwiza hamwe na antene zerekeza mu cyerekezo kandi zifite uburebure bwinshi, mu gihe ingengo y'imari y'amasano ikubiyemo kandi uburyo bwo kwerekana neza, kwinjiza ikirere, imvura n'ibihombo bya hardware.
Koresha ikigereranyo cya Friis nk'icyitegererezo cy'umwanya wigenga aho gukoresha icyitegererezo cyuzuye cyo gukwirakwiza. Gifata imikorere yo mu kibuga cya kure, umurongo ugaragara neza kandi antene zigororotse.
Kutahuza kw'itsinda rya polarisation
Niba antene zohereza n'izakira zidahuye na polarization, gwiza imbaraga zakira nziza ukoresheje polarization loss factor (PLF). Kuri vectors za polarization zisanzwe, PLF iri hagati ya 0 na 1; agaciro ka 1 kagaragaza guhuza neza. Ishusho rusange iri hepfo irimo iri jambo ritajyanye.
Ikigereranyo cya 3.Ingano rusange ya Friis yo kohereza amakuru harimo no kudahuza kwa polarization.
Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe
- Umwobo ufatika uhindura ubucucike bw'ingufu z'impanuka mo imbaraga zakirwa.
- Kugira ngo ubone inyunguGn'uburebure bw'umurambararoλ, Ae= Gλ2/(4π).
- Koresha umurongo ugana ku rugero, ntabwo ari dBi, mu mibare ya aperture na Friis.
- Friis ikoreshwa ku miyoboro y’ahantu hatandukanye, aho abantu babona ahantu hatandukanye; ingengo y’imari ifatika isaba igihombo cy’inyongera.
RF MISO itangaantene zisanzwe zo gupima amahemben'izindi RF antene zikoreshwa mu gupima, gupima no guhuza sisitemu.Hamagara RF MISOkugira ngo baganire ku bijyanye n'ingano y'amakuru, inyungu n'ibisabwa mu miyoboro.
Imeri:info@rf-miso.com
Terefone: 0086-028-82695327
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-08-2024
